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Monitoring invasive mammalian predator populations sharing habitat with the Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2005

Richard Engeman
Affiliation:
National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 Laporte Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80521-2154, USA
Desley Whisson
Affiliation:
Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Jessica Quinn
Affiliation:
Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Felipe Cano
Affiliation:
Caribbean National Forest Catalina Work Center, 191 Rd. Intersection 988, Km 4.5, Palmer, PR 00721, USA
Pedro Quiñones
Affiliation:
USDA/Wildlife Services, Caribbean National Forest, P.O. Box 490, Palmer, PR 00721, USA
Thomas H. White Jr
Affiliation:
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery Program, Box 1600, Rio Grande, PR 00745, USA
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Abstract

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Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrots Amazona vittata are one of the rarest birds in the world. Several exotic mammal species capable of preying on Puerto Rican parrots cohabit the Caribbean National Forest with the only wild population of these parrots. We used tracking plates, monitoring blocks and trapping to index black rats, small Indian mongooses and feral cats in parrot habitat and in public-use areas in the same habitat type. We had high trap success for black rats at all sites (42% of all sites combined), among the highest reported in the world. Rat response to monitoring (nontoxic bait) blocks was universally high, regardless of ground or tree placement. Mongooses were present at all sites, with a greater proportion of plates tracked within the forest than at public-use sites. Cats were present at all forest sites and one of the public-use sites. Presence of the three species did not appear to be linked to human disturbance. Because only 30–40 Puerto Rican parrots survive in the wild, with as few as three pairs nesting in 2002, we concluded that the abundance and pervasiveness of exotic mammalian predators poses a greater threat to the parrots than has been generally acknowledged. This is evidenced by mammalian predation during recent parrot breeding seasons, including six fledglings taken by mongooses and one nest failure from rats during 2000–2003.

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Articles
Copyright
© 2006 Fauna & Flora International