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Vicariance in a generalist fish parasite driven by climate and salinity tolerance of hosts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2020

D. Andreou*
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
C.M. Antognazza
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
C.F. Williams
Affiliation:
National Fisheries Services, Environment Agency, PE28 4NE, Brampton, Cambridgeshire, UK
H. Bradley
Affiliation:
National Fisheries Services, Environment Agency, PE28 4NE, Brampton, Cambridgeshire, UK
A.J. Reading
Affiliation:
National Fisheries Services, Environment Agency, PE28 4NE, Brampton, Cambridgeshire, UK
E.A. Hardouin
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
J.R. Stewart
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
D. Sheath
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
A. Galligar
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
E. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
J.R. Britton
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
*
Author for correspondence: D. Andreou, E-mail: dandreou@bournemouth.ac.uk

Abstract

Acanthocephalans are parasites with complex lifecycles that are important components of aquatic systems and are often model species for parasite-mediated host manipulation. Genetic characterization has recently resurrected Pomphorhynchus tereticollis as a distinct species from Pomphorhynchus laevis, with potential implications for fisheries management and host manipulation research. Morphological and molecular examinations of parasites from 7 English rivers across 9 fish species revealed that P. tereticollis was the only Pomphorhynchus parasite present in Britain, rather than P. laevis as previously recorded. Molecular analyses included two non-overlapping regions of the mitochondrial gene – cytochrome oxidase and generated 62 sequences for the shorter fragment (295 bp) and 74 for the larger fragment (583 bp). These were combined with 61 and 13 sequences respectively, from Genbank. A phylogenetic analysis using the two genetic regions and all the DNA sequences available for P. tereticollis identified two distinct genetic lineages in Britain. One lineage, possibly associated with cold water tolerant fish, potentially spread to the northern parts of Britain from the Baltic region via a northern route across the estuarine area of what is now the North Sea during the last Glaciation. The other lineage, associated with temperate freshwater fish, may have arrived later via the Rhine/Thames fluvial connection during the last glaciation or early Holocene when sea levels were low. These results raise important questions on this generalist parasite and its variously environmentally adapted hosts, and especially in relation to the consequences for parasite vicariance.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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