Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pftt2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-02T02:37:22.727Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Workshop no. 9. Control of vectors by parasites and pathogens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2018

Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Modern chemical insecticides revolutionized the fight against vector-borne diseases during the period following the Second World War. They are extensively used at present for that purpose and will very likely continue to play an important role in the foreseeable future. However, these insecticides have their limitations.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 82 , Issue 4 , July 1981 , pp. 117 - 129
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alger, N. E., Maddox, J. V. & Shadduck, J. A. (1980). Nosetna algeme: infectivityantl immune response in normal and nude mice. Who mimeographed document, Genova, Who/Vbc/So.nS, 7pp.Google Scholar
Anthony, D.W., Lotzkab, M. D. & Avery, S.W. (1978). Fecundityand longevity of Anophele* albimanus exposed at each larval stage to spores of Nosemn algerae. Mosquito News, 38, 116–121.Google Scholar
Anthony, D. W., Savaqe, K. E., Hazard, E. I., Avery, S. W., Boston, M. D. & Oldacke, S. W. (1978). Field tests with Nosema algerae Vavra and Undeen (Microsporida, Nosematidoe) against Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann in Panama. Misceüaneous I'ublications of the Entomological Society of America, 2, 17-27. Anthony, D. W., Sa Vage, K. E. & Weidbaas, D. E. (1972). Nosematosis: its effect of Anophele* albimanus Wiedemann, and a population model of itsrelation to malaria transmission. ProceediW of the Helminthologieal Society of Washington, 39, 428–433.Google Scholar
Bano, L. (1958). Partial inhibitory effect of Plistophora culicis on the sporogenic cycle oi Plasmodium cynomolgi in Anopheles stephensi. Nature, 181, 430.Google Scholar
Buroes, N. D., Fontaine, R. E., Nalim, S., Okafor, N., Pillai, J. S., Shadduck, J. A., Weiser, J. & Pal, R. (1981). The programme of research on the biological control of vectors of diseases of the World Health Organization. Present Status and plans for the future. In Symposium on Biological Control of Vectors (ed. M. Laird and M. Mogi), New York, Praeger. (In the Press.)Google Scholar
Canning, E. U. (1957). PlUtophora culicis Weiser (Protozoa, Microsporidia): its development in Anopheles gambiae. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 51, 8.Google Scholar
Canning, E. U., Highby, G. C. & Nichola9, J. P. (1979). An experimental study on the effects of Nosema eurytremae (Microsporida: Nosematidae) on the liver fluke Fasciolahepatica. Parasitology 79, 381–392.Google Scholar
Canning, E. U. & Hulls, R. H. (1970). A microsporidian infection of Anopheles gambiae Giles, from Tanzania, Interpretation of its modo of transmission and notos on Nosema infections in mosquitoea Journal of Protozoology 17, 531–539.Google Scholar
Canning, E. U., Lai Peng Foon & Lie, K. J. (1974). Microsporidian parasites of trematode larvae from aquatio snails in West Malaysia. Journal of Protozoology 21, 19–25.Google Scholar
Combes, C. (1976/1979). Perspectives actuelles de l'utilisation des parasites dans la lutto contre les mollusques vecteurs des bilharzioses liumaines. Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne 22, 351–354.Google Scholar
De Barjac, H. (1978a). Une nouvelle variete de Bacillus thuringiensis tres toxique pour les moustiques: B. thuringiensis var. israelensis, serotype 14. C. R. Academie des Sciences, Paris D 286, 797–800.Google Scholar
De Barjac, H. (19786). Toxicitö de Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis pour les larves d'Aedes aegypti et A'Anopheles stephensi. C. R. Acadfmie des Sciences, Paris D 286, 1175–1178.Google Scholar
De Barjac, H. (1979). Note sur la preparation d'une formulation de reference, Ips-78, pour le titrage biologique des formulations experimentales et industrielles du serotype H l 4 de Bacillus thuringiensis. Who mimeographed document, Geneva, Who/Vbc/79.T41, 6pp.Google Scholar
De Barjac, H. & Coz, J. (1979). Sonsibilit« oomparee de six espeees differentes de moustiques ä Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis. Entomophaga 23, 309–319.Google Scholar
De Barjac, H., Laroet, I., Benichou, L., Cosmao, V., Viviani, G., Ripouteau, H. & Papion, S. (1980). Tests d'innocuite sur mammiferes avec du serotype H-14 de Bacillus thuringiensis. Who mimeographod document, Geneva, Who/Vbc/8Q.161, 23 pp.Google Scholar
De Barjac, H., Laroet, I., Cosmao, V., Benichou, L. & Viviani, G. (1979). Innoeuite do Bacillus sphaericus, souoho 1593, pour les mammiferes. Who mimiographed document, Geneva, Who/ Fbc/79.731, 20 pp.Google Scholar
Dejoux, C. (1979). Recherches preliminairos concernant l'action de Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis sur la faune d'invertebres d'un cours d'eau tropical. Who mimeographed document, Geneva, Who/VßC/79.721, 11 pp.Google Scholar
Dempah, J. & Coz, J. (1980). Etüde do la stebilite de lapoudre primaire du serotype H-14 de Bacillus thuringiensis, R. 153.78, en zone tropicale (Cayenne, Amerique du Sud; Bouake, C6te d'Ivoire). Who mimoographed document, Geneva, Who/Vbc/S0.161, 21 pp.Google Scholar
Fox, R. M. & Weiser, J. (1959). A microsporidian parasite of Anopheles gambiae in Liberia. Journal of Parasitology 45, 21–30.Google Scholar
Gajanana, A., Tewari, S. C., Reuben, R. & Rajaqopalan, P. K. (1979). Partial suppression of malaria parasites in Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi doubly infected with Nosema algerae and Plasmodium. Indian Journal of Medical Research 70, 417–423.Google Scholar
Goldberg, L. J. & Maroalit, J. (1977). Bacterial sporo demonstrating rapid larvicidal activity against Anopheles sergenlii, Uranotaenia unguiculata, Culex univittatus, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens. Mosquito News 37, 355–358.Google Scholar
Golvan, Y. J., Combes, C, Bayssade-Dufour, C. & Nassi, H. (1974). Les cercaires de Ribeiroia marini (Faust & Hoffman, 1934), Trematode antagoniste de Schistosoma mansoni et provoquant la castration du mollusque-höte, vectour do la bilharziose liumaine. C. R. Academie des Sciences, D Paris 279, 405–408.Google Scholar
Guillet, P. & De Barjac, H. (1979). Toxicite de Bacilhis thuringiensis var. israelensis pour les larves de simuhes vectrices de l'onchocercose. C. R. Academie des Sciences, Paris D 289, 549–551.Google Scholar
Hall, I. M., Arakawa, K. Y., Dulmaoe, H. T. & Correa, J. (1977). The pathogenicity of strains of Bacillus thuringiensis to larvae of Aedes and Culex mosquitoes. Mosquito News 37, 246–251.Google Scholar
Hazard, E. I. (1975). The use of Microsporidia (Protozoa) for the control of aquatic insect pests. In Impact of the Use of Microorganims on the Aquatic Environment. Ecological Research Series (ed. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), pp. 69–76. Us. Epa, Corvallis.Google Scholar
Hazard, E. I., Andreadis, T. G., Joslyn, D. J. & Ellis, E. A. (1979). Meiosis and its implications in the life cycles of Amblyospora and Parathelohania (Microspora). Journal of Parasitology 65, H7-122.Google Scholar
Hiohby, G. C, Canning, E. U., Pilley, B. M. & Bush, J. P. (1979). Propagation of Nosema eurytremae (Microsporida: Nosematidao) from trematode larvae, in abnormal hosts and in tissue eulture. Parasitology 78, 155–170.Google Scholar
Huffaker, C. B., Simjionds, F. J. & Laing, J.E. (1976). The theoretical and ompirical basis of biological control. In Theory and Practice of Biological Control (ed. Huffaker, C. B. and Messenger, P. S.), pp. 42–78. New York, San Francisco and London: University Press.Google Scholar
Huizinga, H.W. (1973). Ribeiroia marini: pathogenesis and larval Trematode antagonism in the snail, Biomphalaria glabrata. Experimentell Parasitology 33, 310–364.Google Scholar
HÜLls, R. H. (1971). The adverse effects of a microsporidian on sporogony and infectivity of Plasmodium berghei. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 65, 421–422.Google Scholar
Jafri, R. H., Asif, M. & Aslamkhan, M. (1976). Nosema infection in Anopheles stephensi larvae from Lahore, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 8, 232–234.Google Scholar
Jordan, P., Christie, J. D. & Unrau, G. O. (1980). Schistosomiasis transmission withparticular reference to possible ecological and biological methods of control. A review. Ada Tropica 37, 95–135.Google Scholar
Krych, V. K., Johnson, J. L. & Yousten, A. A. (1980). Deoxyribonucleie acid homologues among strains of Bacillus sphaericus. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 30, 476–484.Google Scholar
Lainson, P. & Oakn*Ham, P. C. C. (1957). Stages of Plistophora culicis encountered duringdissoetions of Anopheles stephensi. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 51, 6.Google Scholar
Lie, K. J., Kwo, A. H. & Owyang, C. K. (1971). Further trial to control Schistosomn spindale by Trematode antagonism. South East Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 2, 237–243.Google Scholar
Lim, H. K. & Heyneman, D. (1972). Intramolluscan inter-trematode antagonism: a review of factors influencing the host-parasite System and its possiblo role in biological control. Advances in Parasitology 10, 191–268.Google Scholar
Maddox, J. V., Alger, N. E., Aftab, A. & Aslamkan, M. (1977). The suseeptibility of some Pakistan mosquitoes to Nosema algerae (Microsporidia). Pakistan Journal of Zoology 9, 19–22.Google Scholar
Mondet, B. (1980). Etudes sur Isomermis lairdi (Nematoda, Mennithidaa) parasitede Simulium damnosum s.l. (Diptera, Simuliidae) en Afrique del'Ouest. Travaux et Documenta de l'Orstom, Paris (in the Press).Google Scholar
Mondet, B., Berl, D. & Bernadou, J. (1977a). Etudo du parasitisme des simulies (Diptera: Simuliidae) par des Mermithidae (Nematoda) en Afrique de l'Ouest. Iii. Elevage de Isomermis sp. et infestation au labo:atoire de Simulium damnosum. Cahiers Orstom, Serie Entomologie medicale et Parasitologie 15, 265–269.Google Scholar
Mondet, B., Poinab, G. O. & Bernadou, J. (1977b). Etudo du parasitisme des simulios (Diptera: Simuliidae) par des Mermithidae (Nematoda) en Afrique de l'Ouest. Iv. Description do Isomermis lairdi n.sp., parasite de Simulium damnosum. Canadian Journal of Zoology 55, 2011–2017.Google Scholar
Mondet, B., Pendriez, B. & Bernadou, J. (1976). Etüde du parasitisme dos simulies (Diptera: Simuliidae) par des Mermithidae (Nematoda) en Afrique de l'Ouest. I. Observations pröliminaires sur un cours d'eau temporaire de savane. Cahiers Orstom, Serie Entomologie medicale et Parasitologie, 14, 141–149.Google Scholar
Mondet, B., Prud'Hom, J. M., Bellec, C. & Hebrard, G. (1980). Etüde du parasitismo des simulios (Diptera: Simuliidae) par des Mermithidao (Nematoda) en Afrique do l'Ouost. V. Croissanco et sex-ratio de deux especes parasites d'adultes de Simulium damnosum s.l. Cahiers Orstom, Serie Entomologie medicale et Parasitologie 18, 49–57.Google Scholar
MrjLliOan, F. S., Schaefer, C. H. & Wilder, W. H. (1980). Efficacy and persistonoo of Bacillus sphaericus and B. thuringiensis H-14 against mosquitoos undor laboratory and field oondition«. Journal of Economic Entomology 73 (in the Press).Google Scholar
Myers, P., Yodsten, A. A. & Davidson, E. W. (1979). Comparative Studios of the mosquito-larval toxin of Bacillus sphaericus Ssii-1 and 1593. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 25, 1227–1231.Google Scholar
Nassi, H. (1978). Donnees sur le cycle biologique de Ribeiroia marini guadeloupensis n.ssp., trematode sterilisant Biomphalaria glabrata en Guadeloupe. Entrotien du cycle en vue d'un contröle eventuel des populations de mollusques. Acta Tropica 35, 41–56.Google Scholar
Nassi, H. (1979). Coincidence entre Io blocage precoce de la ponte de Biomphalaria glabrata (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) et la localisation cörebrale des jeunes redies möres de Ribeiroia marini guadeloupensis (Trematoda, Cathaemasiidae). C. R. Academie des Sciences, Paris D 289, 165–168.Google Scholar
Nassi, H., Pointier, J. P. & Golvan, Y. J. (1979). Bilan d'un essai de contröle de Biomphalaria glabtrata en Guadeloupe ä l'aide d'un trematodo sterilisant. Annales de Paranitologie humaxne et comparee 54, 185–192.Google Scholar
Piixey, B.M., Barker, R. J., Cannino, E. U. & Hammond, J. C. (1978). Bioassay of Nosema eurytremae (Protozoa: Microsporida) hyperinfecting Schistosoma mansoni in Biompfmlana glabrata. In Progress in Invertebrale Pathology, pp. 151–152. International Colloquium on Invertebrate Pathology, Prague.Google Scholar
Piixey, B. M., Canning, E. U. & Hammond, J. C. (1978). The use of a microinjeetion procedure for large-scale produetion of the microsporidian Nosema eurytremae in Pieris brassicae. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 32, 355–358.Google Scholar
Reynolds, D. G. (1970). Laboratory studies of the microsporidian Plistophora culicis (Weiser) infecting Culex pipiens fatigans Wied. Bulletin of Entomological Research 60, 339–349.Google Scholar
Reynolds, D. G. (1972). Experimental introduction of a microsporidian into a wild populatiön of Culex pipiens fatigane Wied. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 46, 807–812.Google Scholar
Savaoe, K. E., LÖWe, R. E., Hazaed, E. I. & Lofgren, G. S. (1971). Studies on the transmission of Plasmodium gallinaceum by Anopheles quadrimaculatus infected witha Nosema sp. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 45, 845–847.Google Scholar
Service, M. W. (1976). Mosquito Ecology. Field Sampling Methods. London: Applied Science Publishers.Google Scholar
Shadduck, J. A. (1980). Bacillus thuringiensis serotype H-14. Maximum challenge and eye Irritation safety tests in mammals. Who mimeographed document, Geneva, Tfho/Fbc/80.763, 12 pp.Google Scholar
Sinegre, G., Gaven, B. & Jullien, J. L. (1979). Securite d'emploi du serotype H-14 de Bacillus thuringiensis pour la faune non-cibledes gites ämoustiquesdu littoral mediterraneen francais. Who mimeographed document, Geneva, Who/Vbc/79.142, 6 pp.Google Scholar
Sinegre, G., Gaven, B., Jullien, J. L., Crespo, O. & Vigo, G. (1979/80). Activite larvieide de Bacillus thuringiensis Variete israelensis sur quelques especes de moustiques. In Congres sur la lutte contre les insectes en milieu tropical, vol. 2 (ed. Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie de Marseille), pp. 1277–1281.Google Scholar
Sinegre, G., Gaven, B. & Vigo, G. (1980). Evaluation preliminaire de l'activite larvicide de la souche 1593 de Bacillus sphaerieus vis-ä-vis de quatre expeces de moustiques du littoral mediterraneen francis. Who mimeographed document, Geneva, R7/O/Fbc/80.762, 8 pp.Google Scholar
Singer, S. (1980). Bacillus sphaerieus for the control of mosquitoes. Biotechnology of Bioengineering 22, 1335–1355.Google Scholar
Undeen, A. M. & Alger, N. E. (1975). The effect of the moerosporidan Nosema algerae on Anopheles stephensi. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 25, 19–24.Google Scholar
Undeen, A. M. & Berl, D. (1979). Laboratory of effeotiveness of Bacilhis thuringiensis var.israelensis against Simulium damnomim (Diptera: Simuliidae) larvae. Mosquito News 39, 742–745.Google Scholar
Undeen, A. M. & Maddox, J. V. (1973). The infection of non-mosquito hosts by injeetion with spores of the microsporidan Nosema algerae. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 22, 258–265.Google Scholar
Van Essen, F. W. & Anthony, D. W. (1976). Susceptibility of non-target organisms to Nosema algerae (Microsporida: Nosematidae), a parasite of mosquitoes. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 28, 77–85.Google Scholar
Vavra, J. & Maddox, J. V. (1976). Methods in microsporidiology. In Comparative Pathology, vol. 1 (ed. L. A. Bulla and T. C. Cheng), pp. 298–300. New York: Plenum.Google Scholar
Vavra, J. & Undeen, A. H. (1970). Nosema algerae n.sp. (Cuidospora, Microsporida) a pathogen in a laboratory colony of Anopheles stephensi Listoa (Diptera, Culicidae). Journal of Protozoology 17, 240–249.Google Scholar
Ward, R. A. & Savage, K. E. (1972). Effects of microsporidian parasites upon anopheline mosquitoes nnd mnrlaria infection. Proceedings of the Helminthological Societu of Washington 39, 434–438.Google Scholar
Weiser, J. (1946). Studie o mikrosporidiieh z larev Imnyzu nasich vod (Studies on Microsporidia from larvae of insects of our waters), Vestnik Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Zoologicke 10, 245–272.Google Scholar
Weiser, J. (1978). Production of the microsporidian Plistophora culicis Weiser in substitute host. Polin Parasitologita Praha 25, 365.Google Scholar
Weiser, J. & Con-zzi, M. (1972). The microsporidian Plistophora culicis Aveiser, 1946, in different mosquito hosts. Folia Parasitologica, Praha 19, 197–202.Google Scholar
Weiser, J. & Vankova, J. (1978/1979). Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis for blaokflies and other freshwater invertebrates. In Progress in Invertebrate Pathology, pp. 243–244. International Colloquium on Invertebrate Pathology, Prague.Google Scholar
Who (1970). Informal consultations on alternative methods of vector control, Geneva, 15-19 December 1969.Google Scholar
Who mimeographed document, Geneva, Vbc/10.1, 19 pp.Google Scholar
Who (1979). Third meetingof the Scientific Working Group of Biological Control of Insect Vectors of Diseaso, Geneva, 19-22 November 1979.Google Scholar
Who mimeographed document, Geneva, Tdr/Bcv/ Swg(3). 79.3, 29 pp.Google Scholar
Who (1980). Data sheet on the biological control agent Romanomermis eulieivorax (Ross and Smith 1976).Google Scholar
Who mimeographed document, Geneva, Who/Vbc/80.766-Vbc/Bcds/80.09, 21 pp.Google Scholar