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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 January 2018
Let X be a complex Banach space and denote by   ${\cal L}(X)$  the Banach algebra of all bounded linear operators on X. We prove that if φ:
 ${\cal L}(X)$  the Banach algebra of all bounded linear operators on X. We prove that if φ:   ${\cal L}(X) \to {\cal L}(X)$  is a linear surjective map such that for each
 ${\cal L}(X) \to {\cal L}(X)$  is a linear surjective map such that for each   $T \in {\cal L}(X)$  and x ∈ X the local spectrum of φ(T) at x and the local spectrum of T at x are either both empty or have at least one common value, then φ(T) = T for all
 $T \in {\cal L}(X)$  and x ∈ X the local spectrum of φ(T) at x and the local spectrum of T at x are either both empty or have at least one common value, then φ(T) = T for all   $T \in {\cal L}(X)$ . If we suppose that φ always preserves the modulus of at least one element from the local spectrum, then there exists a unimodular complex constant c such that φ(T) = cT for all
 $T \in {\cal L}(X)$ . If we suppose that φ always preserves the modulus of at least one element from the local spectrum, then there exists a unimodular complex constant c such that φ(T) = cT for all   $T \in {\cal L}(X)$ .
 $T \in {\cal L}(X)$ .