Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x5gtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-01T03:00:02.116Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Regulation of gene expression by glucose

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

P. Ferré
P. Ferré*
Affiliation:
U465 INSERM, Centre Biomédical des Cordeliers, 15 rue de L′Ecole de Médecine, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
*
Corresponding Author: Dr P. Ferré, fax +33 1 40 51 85 86, email pferre@planete.net
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Fatty acid synthase (EC 2.3.1.85) is an enzyme involved in the lipogenic pathway allowing fatty acid synthesis from glucose. Glucose up-regulates the transcription of the fatty acid synthase gene in both adipocytes and hepatocytes, with insulin having only an indirect role. The signal metabolite could be glucose-6-phosphate rather than glucose itself. The glucose response element of the fatty acid synthase gene has not yet been precisely identified, although a −2 kb region of the fatty acid synthase promoter is sufficient to confer nutritional responsiveness to a reporter gene. ADD1/SREBP1, a b-HLH-LZ transcription factor belonging to the sterol regulatory element-binding protein family might be involved in the transduction of the glucose effect. Finally, the stimulatory effect of glucose on the expression of the fatty acid synthase gene is inhibited by the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Interestingly enough, AMP-activated protein kinase is structurally and functionally related to the yeast SNF1 protein kinase complex which is essential for the transcriptional activation of glucose-repressed genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Keywords

GlucoseGene regulationFatty acid synthase
Type
Symposium on ‘Functionality of nutrients and gene expression’
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , August 1999 , pp. 621 - 623
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1999

References

Doiron, B, Cuif, MH, Chen, R & Kahn, A (1996) Transcriptional glucose signaling through the glucose response element is mediated by the pentose phosphate pathway. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271, 5321–5324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foretz, M, Carling, D, Guichard, C, Ferré, P & Foufelle, F (1998) AMP-activated protein kinase inhibits the glucose-activated expression of fatty acid synthase gene in rat hepatocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273, 14767–14771.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foufelle, F, Girard, J & Ferré, P (1998) Glucose regulation of gene expression. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 1, 323–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foufelle, F, Gouhot, B, Pégorier, JP, Perdereau, D, Girard, J & Ferré, P (1992) Glucose stimulation of lipogenic enzyme gene expression in cultured white adipose tissue. Journal of Biological Chemistry 267, 20543–20546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Girard, J, Ferré, P & Foufelle, F (1997) Mechanisms by which carbohydrates regulate expression of genes for glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes. Annual Review of Nutrition 17, 325–352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, J, Sarraf, P, Wright, M, Yao, K, Mueller, E, Solanes, G, Lowell, B & Spiegelman, B (1998) Nutritional and insulin regulation of fatty acid synthetase and leptin gene expression through ADDI/SREBP. Journal of Clinical Investigation 101, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leclerc, I, Kahn, A & Doiron, B (1998) The 5’-AMP-activated kinase inhibits the transcriptional stimulation by glucose in liver cells, acting through the glucose response complex. FEBS Letters 431, 180–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mourrieras, F, Foufelle, F, Foretz, M, Morin, J, Bouché, S & Ferré, P (1997) Induction of fatty acid synthase and S14 gene expression by glucose, xylitol and dihydroxyacetone in cultured rat hepatocytes is closely correlated with glucose 6-phosphate concentrations. Biochemical Journal 326, 345–349.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prip-Buus, C, Perdereau, D, Foufelle, F, Maury, J, Ferré, P & Girard, J (1995) Induction of fatty acid synthase gene expression by glucose in primary culture of rat hepatocytes. European Journal of Biochemistry 230, 309–315.Google ScholarPubMed
Shimano, H, Horton, JD, Hammer, RE, Shimomura, I, Brown, MS & Goldstein, JL (1996) Overproduction of cholesterol and fatty acids causes massive liver enlargement in transgenic mice expressing truncated SREBP-1a. Journal of Clinical Investigation 98, 1575–1584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Towle, HC, Kaytor, EN & Shih, HM (1997) Regulation of the expression of lipogenic enzyme genes by carbohydrate. Annual Review of Nutrition 17, 405–433.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vaulont, S & Kahn, A (1994) Transcriptional control of metabolic regulation genes by carbohydrates. FASEB Journal 8, 28–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed