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Experimental Clactonian Technique

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2014

Extract

The exact way in which ancient man made stone implements has occupied the interest of many prehistorians. One way of helping to solve this problem is by trying to make implements oneself. Although several investigators have done isolated and rather sporadic work along these lines, there seem to be few accounts of any systematic series of experiments. The most complete descriptions known to me are those by J. Reid Moir (hand-axes and Levallois flakes) and Sir Francis Knowles (Neolithic arrow-heads). Although M. Coutier's experiments have been filmed, no written account of them seems to be available.

As I have been experimenting for some years with the making of various types of stone implements, some of my results can now be described; only one short reference to this work has been published so far. My objects in making these investigations have been to find out as much as possible about the way in which Palaeoliths were made, and about the conditions under which the work was done. Information about conditions was obtained by doing the flaking ‘in the field’ rather than in a laboratory or workshop, that is to say, the stone was usually worked at the place where it was found in quarries or natural exposures. The main conclusion derived from this aspect of the investigation was that until early man learned to mine for flint, for instance, he would find very little suitable raw material in country covered by grass, trees or bushes, and my work proved that if artificial gravel pits and chalk quarries were not used, the best sources of stone were in river beds or on the shores of lakes or the sea.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Prehistoric Society 1949

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References

page 38 note 1 Moir, J. Reid, Pre-Palaeolithic Man, Ipswich, N.D., 67 ppGoogle Scholar.

page 38 note 2 SirKnowles, Francis H. S., Bart., The manufacture of a flint arrow-head by quartzite hammer-stone. Occasional Papers, Pitt Rivers Museum, 1 (1944), pp. 737Google Scholar.

page 38 note 3 Baden-Powell, D. F. W., ‘High-angle edge-flaking of flint’. Nature, 152 (1943), pp. 663–4CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 38 note 4 Warren, S. Hazzledine, Presidential Address, South-east Union Sci. Soc. (1926), pp. 3851Google Scholar.

page 38 note 5 Chandler, R. H., ‘On the Clactonian Industry at Swanscombe’. Proc. Prehist. Soc. East Anglia, 6, 2 (1930) pp. 79116CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 39 note 1 Paterson, T. T., ‘Core, Culture and Complex’. Proc. Prehist. Soc., N.S. II (1945), pp. 119Google Scholar.

page 39 note 2 Paterson, T. T., ‘The Barnham Sequence’. Proc. Prehist. Soc., N.S.3, 1, pp. 87135Google Scholar.

page 40 note 1 ibid, 126–34.