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Accepted manuscript

Examining Intra- and Inter-Device Reliability of Pressure-Mediated Reflection Spectroscopy in a Multi-State Sample of Healthy Adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2025

Susan B. Sisson Open the ORCID record for Susan B. Sisson [Opens in a new window] ,
Emily Helms ,
Shanon Casperson ,
Saima Hasnin ,
Stephanie Jilcott Pitts ,
Virginia C. Stage ,
Christopher R. Long ,
Taren Massey-Swindle ,
Dipti A. Dev  and
Ashlea Braun
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Susan B. Sisson*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
Emily Helms
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
Shanon Casperson
Affiliation:
USDA Agricultural Research Services, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND
Saima Hasnin
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, IL
Stephanie Jilcott Pitts
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
Virginia C. Stage
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural and Human Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC
Christopher R. Long
Affiliation:
Center for Nutrition and Health Impact, Omaha, NE
Taren Massey-Swindle
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR; Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR; Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR
Dipti A. Dev
Affiliation:
Department of Child, Youth and Family Studies, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE
Ashlea Braun
Affiliation:
Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Education & Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK TSET Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK
Jodi D. Stookey
Affiliation:
Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA 94103
Rowena Cape
Affiliation:
Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA 94103
Jonathan Baldwin
Affiliation:
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
*
Corresponding author: Susan B Sisson 1200 N Stonewall Ave #3057 OKC OK 73117 Email: Susan-sisson@ouhsc.edu 405-271-2113
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Abstract

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Objective:

To examine the intra- and inter-device reliability of devices using pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy (the Veggie Meter®).

Design:

A cross-sectional research study was conducted across 8 sites in the United States. Using two Veggie Meters® at each site, participants completed five, counter-balanced pairs of finger scans. Intra-device comparisons included intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and calculation of the Coefficient of Variation (CV) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of each device/site; hypothesized to be ≤ 6%. Inter-device comparisons included ICC, Absolute Relative Differences (ARD) and 95% CI, and equivalence; both hypothesized to be ≤ 10%.

Setting:

Eight sites across the United States

Participants:

Across sites, participants’ (n=282) average age ranged 24.7-39.0 years; sex ranged 60.0%-85.7% women, and Non-Hispanic White ranged 20.0%-94.3%.

Results:

Intra-device ICC ranged from 0.77-0.99. The CV ranged from 6.2%-14.2%, with an average of 8.8%. A majority (63%; n=10) of the Veggie Meter® devices had significantly higher CV from the hypothesized 6%. Inter-device ICC ranged from 0.58-0.94. The Absolute Relative Difference (ARD) ranged from 7.5%-22.0%, with an average of 13.9%. ARD in a majority (n=5) of sites was significantly higher than the hypothesized 10%. Five sites (63%) demonstrated equivalence below the hypothesized 10%.

Conclusions:

Our study demonstrates the intra-device and inter-device reliability to be moderate to high, as per ICC. The observed margin of difference within a device was up to 14%, with an average of 9%. The observed margin of difference between devices was up to 22% with an average of 14% between devices.

Information

Type
Research Paper
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 30
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society