Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-zzh7m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T03:44:34.181Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Late Quaternary Vegetation of Southern Isla Grande De Chiloé, Chile

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Carolina Villagran
Carolina Villagran*
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Sistemática y Ecología Vegetal, Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Late-glacial-Holocene forest history of southern Isla Chiloé (latitude 43°10′ S) was reconstructed on the basis of pollen analysis in three profiles (Laguna Soledad, Laguna Chaiguata, Puerto Carmen). Prior to 12,500 yr B.P. pollen records are dominated by plant taxa characteristic of open habitats (Zone I). From 12,500 yr B.P. to the present, tree species predominate in the pollen records (Zones II–V). Between 12,500 and 9500 yr B.P. ombrophyllous taxa (Nothofagus, Podocarpus nubigena. Myrtaceae, Fitzroya/Pilgerodendron, and Drimys) are frequent in all pollen diagrams, suggesting a wetter and colder climate than the present. Between 9000 and 5500 yr B.P. Valdivian forest elements, such as Nothofagus dombeyi type, Weinmannia, and Eucryphia/Caldcluvia, dominate, indicating a period of drier and warmer climate. From 5500 yr B.P. onward, the expansion of mixed North Patagonian-Subantarctic forest elements and the increased frequence of Tepualia suggest increased rainfall and temperatures oscillating around the modern values.

The change from open to forest vegetation (ca. 12,500 yr B.P.) probably represents the most pronounced climatic change in the record and can be interpreted as the glacial-postglacial transition in the study area.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , May 1988 , pp. 294 - 306
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1985 Alberdi, M., Romero, M., Ríos, D., Wenzel, H., Altitudinal gradients of seasonal frost resistance in Nothofagus communities of southern Chile. Acta Oecologica/Oecologia Plantarum. 6 20 21–30.Google Scholar
1984 Ashworth, A.C., Hoganson, J.W., Testing the late Quaternary climatic record of southern Chile with evidence from fossil Coleoptera. Vogel, J.C., Late Cainozoic Palaeoclimates of the southern Hemisphere. Balkema, Rotterdam, 85–102.Google Scholar
1987 Ashworth, A.C., Hoganson, J.W., Coleoptera bioassociations along an elevational gradient in the lake region of southern Chile and comments on the postglacial development of the fauna. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 80 6 865–895.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
üggen, 1950 Brüggen, J., Geología. Editorial Nascimento, Santiago.Google Scholar
1979 Burrows, C.J., A chronology for cool-climate episodes in the southern hemisphere 12,000–1,000 Yr B.P.. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 27 287–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1976 Di Castri, F., Hajek, E.R., Bioclimatología de Chile. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago.Google Scholar
1981 Donoso, C., Ecología Forestal: El Bosque y su Medio Ambiente. Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia.Google Scholar
1985 Donoso, C., Escobar, B., Urrutia, J., Estructura y regeneración de un bosque virgen de Eucryphia cordifolia-Laurelia philippiana en Chiloé, Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. 58 171–186.Google Scholar
1984 Donoso, C., Grez, R., Escobar, B., Real, P., Estructura y dinámica de bosques del tipo forestal siempre verde en un sector de Chiloé Insular. Bosque. 2 5 82–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1986 Ebensberger, G., Curso estacional de la resistencia al frío en Podocarpáceas chilenas. Tesis Universidad Austral. Valdivia.Google Scholar
1960 Erdtman, G., The acetolysis method. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. 54 561–564.Google Scholar
1969 Flint, R.F., Fidalgo, F., Glacial drift in the eastern Argentine Andes between latitude 41°10′S–43°10′S. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 80 1043–1052.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1973 Godley, E.J., Moar, N.T., Vegetation and pollen analysis of two bogs on Chiloé. New Zealand Journal of Botany. 11 255–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1975 Hajek, E., di Castri, F., Bioclimatología de Chile. Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago.Google Scholar
1972 Heusser, C.J., On the occurrence of Lycopodium fuegianum during late-Pleistocene interstades in the province of Osorno, Chile. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 99 4 178–184.Google Scholar
1974 Heusser, C.J., Vegetation and climate of the southern Chilean lake district during and since the last interglaciation. Quaternary Research. 4 290–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1981 Heusser, C.J., Palynology of the last interglacial-glacial cycle in midlatitudes of southern Chile. Quaternary Research. 16 293–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1982 Heusser, C.J., Palynology of cushion bogs of the Cordillera Pelada, Province of Valdivia, Chile. Quaternary Research. 17 71–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1984a Heusser, C.J., Late Quaternary climates of Chile. Vogel, J.C., Late Cainozoic Palaeoclimates of the Southern Hemisphere. Balkema, Rotterdam/Boston, 59–83.Google Scholar
1984b Heusser, C.J., Late-Glacial-Holocene climate of the lake district of Chile. Quaternary Research. 22 77–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1977 Heusser, C.J., Flint, R.F., Quaternary glaciations and environments of northern Isla Chiloé, Chile. Geology. 5 305–308.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1987 Heusser, C.J., Rabassa, J., Cold climatic episode of Younger Dryas age in Tierra del Fuego. Nature (London). 328 609–611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1981 Heusser, C.J., Streeter, S.S., Stuiver, M., Temperature and precipitation record in southern Chile extend to 43,000 yr ago. Nature (London). 294 65–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1981 Hollin, J.T., Schilling, D.H., Late Wisconsin-Weischselian mountain glaciers and small ice caps. Denton, G.H., Hughes, T.J., The Last Great Ice Sheets. Wiley, New York, 179–206.Google Scholar
1983 Markgraf, V., Late and postglacial vegetational and paleoclimatic changes in subantarctic, temperate, and arid environments in Argentina. Palynology. 7 43–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1984 Markgraf, V., Late Pleistocene and Holocene vegetation history of temperate Argentina: Lago Morenito, Bariloche. Dissertationes Botanicae. 72 235–254.Google Scholar
1987 Markgraf, V., Paleoclimates of the southern Argentine Andes. Current Research Pleistocene. 4 150–157.Google Scholar
1986 Markgraf, V., Bradbury, J.P., Fernández, J., Bajada de Rahue, Prov. Neuquen, Argentina: An interstadial deposit in northern Patagonia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, and Palaeoecology. 56 251–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1981 Markgraf, V., D'Antoni, H.L., Ager, T.A., Modern pollen dispersal in Argentina. Palynology. 5 43–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1985 Marticorena, C., Quezada, M., Catálogo de la flora vascular de Chile. Gayana. 42 1–157.Google Scholar
1984 Mercer, J.H., Late Cainozoic glacial variations of South America south of the equator. Vogel, J.C., Late Cainozoic Palaeoclimates of the Southern Hemisphere. Balkema, Rotterdam/Boston, 45–58.Google Scholar
1981 Porter, S.C., Pleistocene glaciation in the southern Lake District of Chile. Quaternary Research. 16 263–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1969 Saliot, P., Etude géologique dans l'ile de Chiloé (Chili). Bulletin Societe Géologique de France. 7 11 388–399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1983 Steubig, L., Alberdi, M., Wenzel, H., Seasonal changes of cold resistance of Proteaceae of the Southe Chilean laurel forest. Vegetatio. 52 35–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1985a Veblen, T.T., Forest development in tree-fall gaps in the temperate rain forest of Chile. National Geographic Research. 162–183, Spring 1985.Google Scholar
1985b Veblen, T.T., Stand dynamics in chilean Nothofagus forest. Pickett, S.T.A., White, P.S., The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics. Academic Press, Orlando, FL, 35–51.Google Scholar
1977 Veblen, T.T., Asthon, D.H., Schlegel, F., Veblen, A.T., Plant sucession in a timberline depressed by vulcanism in south central Chile. Journal of Biogeography. 4 275–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1981 Veblen, T.T., Donoso, C., Schlegel, F., Escobar, B., Forest dynamics in south central Chile. Journal of Biogeography. 8 211–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1985 Villagrán, C., Análisis palinológico de los cambios vegetacionales durante el Tardiglacial y Postglacial en Chiloé. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. 58 57–69.Google Scholar
1986 Villagrán, C., Armesto, J.J., Leiva, R., Recolonización postglacial de Chiloé Insular: Evidencias basadas en la distribución geográfica y los modos de dispersión de la flora. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. 59 19–39.Google Scholar
1973 Weinberger, P., Beziehungen zwischen mikroklimatischen Faktoren und natürlicher Verjüngung araukano-patagonischer Nothofagus-Arten. Flora. 162 157–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1974 Weinberger, P., Verbreitung und Wasserhaushalt araukano-patagonischer Proteaceen in Beziehung zu mikroklimatischen Faktoren. Flora. 163 251–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1978 Weinberger, P., Estudios sobre adaptación climática y las asociaciones de Mirtaceas Arauco-Patagonicas. Anales de Parques Nacionales. 14 133–160.Google Scholar
1973 Weinberger, P., Romero, M., Oliva, M., Untersuchungen über die Dürreresistenz patagonischer immergrüner Gehölze. Vegetatio. 28 1–2 75–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar