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Palynological evidence of sea-surface conditions in the Barents Sea off northeast Svalbard during the postglacial period

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2020

Camille Brice ,
Anne de Vernal Open the ORCID record for Anne de Vernal [Opens in a new window] ,
Elena Ivanova ,
Simon van Bellen  and
Nicolas Van Nieuwenhove
Camille Brice
Affiliation:
GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888, Montréa, QC H3C3P8 Canada
Anne de Vernal*
Affiliation:
GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888, Montréa, QC H3C3P8 Canada
Elena Ivanova
Affiliation:
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
Simon van Bellen
Affiliation:
GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888, Montréa, QC H3C3P8 Canada
Nicolas Van Nieuwenhove
Affiliation:
GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888, Montréa, QC H3C3P8 Canada Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia University of New Brunswick, 2 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada
*
*Corresponding author email : devernal.anne@uqam.ca
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Abstract

Postglacial changes in sea-surface conditions, including sea-ice cover, summer temperature, salinity, and productivity were reconstructed from the analyses of dinocyst assemblages in core S2528 collected in the northwestern Barents Sea. The results show glaciomarine-type conditions until about 11,300 ± 300 cal yr BP and limited influence of Atlantic water at the surface into the Barents Sea possibly due to the proximity of the Svalbard-Barents Sea ice sheet. This was followed by a transitional period generally characterized by cold conditions with dense sea-ice cover and low-salinity pulses likely related to episodic freshwater or meltwater discharge, which lasted until 8700 ± 700 cal yr BP. The onset of “interglacial” conditions in surface waters was marked by a major change in dinocyst assemblages, from dominant heterotrophic to dominant phototrophic taxa. Until 4100 ± 150 cal yr BP, however, sea-surface conditions remained cold, while sea-surface salinity and sea-ice cover recorded large amplitude variations. By ~4000 cal yr BP optimum sea-surface temperature of up to 4°C in summer and maximum salinity of ~34 psu suggest enhanced influence of Atlantic water, and productivity reached up to 150 gC/m2/yr. After 2200 ± 1300 cal yr BP, a distinct cooling trend accompanied by sea-ice spreading characterized surface waters. Hence, during the Holocene, with exception of an interval spanning about 4000 to 2000 cal yr BP, the northern Barents Sea experienced harsh environments, relatively low productivity, and unstable conditions probably unsuitable for human settlements.

Keywords

Barents SeaSea iceSalinitySea-surface temperatureHolocene
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 108: PESAS , July 2022 , pp. 180 - 194
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Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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