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Reconstructing Saharan dust transport to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during the last 180 ka using endmember modelling of grain size data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 January 2020

Sarah Beuscher Open the ORCID record for Sarah Beuscher [Opens in a new window] ,
Werner Ehrmann ,
Stefan Krüger  and
Gerhard Schmiedl
Sarah Beuscher*
Affiliation:
Institut für Geophysik und Geologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Werner Ehrmann
Affiliation:
Institut für Geophysik und Geologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Stefan Krüger
Affiliation:
Institut für Geophysik und Geologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Gerhard Schmiedl
Affiliation:
Centrum für Erdsystemforschung und Nachhaltigkeit, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
*
*Corresponding author e-mail address: sarahbeuscher@gmx.de (S. Beuscher).
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Abstract

Endmember modelling on the terrigenous silt fraction of nine marine sediment cores spanning up to 180,000 years reveals the influx of North African dust into the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. The dust grain size modes decrease with transport distance, from >50 µm off the African coast to ca. 30 µm in the Aegean Sea. The dust signal is strongly influenced by hydrological changes in northern Africa. Changes from arid to humid periods are documented in the grain size data of all cores. The climatic signal gets weaker with growing distance from the source and close to large fluvial sediment sources such as the Nile. Frequency and wavelet analyses show a strong orbital precession signal that is known to trigger the migration of the monsoonal rain belt in northern Africa. The influence of climate changes on suborbital time scales on dust influx is less distinct, but Dansgaard-Oeschger interstadials and Heinrich-like events are documented in some cores. In the sediment core closest to the source, three endmembers represent one or more dust sources in northern Africa. With growing distance from the source, the three modes cannot be separated anymore and appear as one multimodal dust endmember.

Keywords

Saharan dustAfrican humid periodsEastern Mediterranean SeaSilt grain sizeEndmember modelling

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Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 94 , March 2020 , pp. 156 - 173
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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