No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Update and synthesis of the available archaeological and geochronological data for the Lower Paleolithic site of Loreto at Venosa (Basilicata, Italy)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 February 2024
Abstract
In the Basilicata region, located in southern Italy and known for hosting among the first occurrences of the Acheulean culture in southwestern Europe, the Lower Paleolithic site of Loreto at Venosa is located less than a kilometer from the emblematic site of Notarchirico and less than 25 km from Cimitero di Atella. The Loreto site has not been studied as thoroughly as the two other sites and, although geological investigations have been carried out in the Venosa basin, no direct numerical dating has ever been published for the three archaeological levels brought to light during the excavation campaigns. We present a multi-method geochronological approach combining ESR/U-series, ESR, and 40Ar/39Ar permitting to refine the age of the most ancient archaeological level (A) of the Loreto site. These data allow us to propose an MIS 13 age for this level, in accordance with previous hypotheses based on geological and paleontological data. We also propose a technical review of the lithic tools preserved in the collection of the National Archaeological Museum of Venosa to integrate Loreto in the evolution scheme of the European Acheulean techno-complex emergence and diffusion.
- Type
- Research Article
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Quaternary Research Center
Footnotes
†
(deceased)
References
Alberdi, M.T., Caloi, L., Palombo, M.R., 1988. The Quaternary fauna of Venosa: equids. Bulletin du Musée d'Anthropologie Préhistorique de Monaco 31, 5–39.Google Scholar
Ashton, N.M., Cook, J., Lewis, S.G., Rose, F. (Eds.), 1992. High Lodge: Excavations by G. de G. Sieveking, 1962–8, and J. Cook, 1988. British Museum Press, London, 192 pp.Google Scholar
Bahain, J.-J., Voinchet, P., Vietti, A., Shao, Q., Tombret, O., Pereira, A., Nomade, S., Falguères, C., 2021. ESR/U-series and ESR dating of several middle Pleistocene Italian sites: comparison with 40Ar/39Ar chronology. Quaternary Geochronology 63, 101151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2021.101151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bahain, J.-J., Yokoyama, Y., Falguères, C., Sarcia, M.N., 1992. ESR dating of tooth enamel: a comparison with K–Ar dating. Quaternary Science Reviews 11, 245–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baissas, P., 1980. Données paléomagnétique et sédimentologique sur les dépôts de la coupe de Loreto (Venosa, Basilicate, Italie). Bulletin du Musée d'Anthropologie Préhistorique de Monaco 24, 13–56.Google Scholar
Barral, L., Heinichen-Chiappella, G., Simone, S., 1978. Datazione relativa del giacimento di Loreto (Venosa, Basilicata). Atti Della XX Riunione Scientifica dell Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria in Basilicata, 16–20 Ottobre 1976, Firenze, pp. 125–132.Google Scholar
Barral, L., Simone, S., 1983. Le bassin fluvio-lacustre de Venosa (Basilicata). Bulletin du Musée d'Anthropologie Préhistorique de Monaco 27, 5–19.Google Scholar
Barral, L., Simone, S., 1984. Venosa–Loreto, Basilicata. In: Catalogo I prim’ abitanti d'Europa, Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico. Pigorini, L., De Luca Editori, pp. 181–186.Google Scholar
Barsky, D., 2013. The Caune de l'Arago stone industries in their stratigraphical context. Comptes Rendus Palevol 12, 305–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackwell, B.A., Schwarcz, H.P., 1993. ESR isochron dating for teeth: a brief demonstration in solving the external dose calculation problem. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 44, 243–252.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blanc, A.C., 1953. Venosa, gisement à industrie tayacienne et micoquienne de Loreto. IV Congress Internationale INQUA, Livret Guide, pp. 63–68.Google Scholar
Bonadonna, F.P., Brocchini, D., Laurenzi, M.A., Principe, C., Ferrara, G., 1993. Mt. Vulture Volcano chronostratigraphy and paleogeographic implications. In: Follieri, M., Girotti, O., Kotasakis, T., Taddeucci, A., Turner, C. (Eds.), Abstracts. INQUA SEQS Symposium, Quaternary Stratigraphy in Volcanic Areas, Rome, September 20–22, 1993, p. 13Google Scholar
Bonifay, M.F., 1977. Liste préliminaire de la grande faune du gisement préhistorique de Venosa. Bulletin du Musée d'Anthropologie Préhistorique de Monaco 21, 115–125.Google Scholar
Brennan, B., 2003. Beta doses to spherical grains. Radiation Measurements 37, 299–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, B.J., Rink, W.J., McGuirl, E.L., Schwarcz, H.P., Prestwich, W.V., 1997. Beta doses in tooth enamel by ‘‘one-group’’ theory and the ROSY ESR dating software. Radiation Measurements 27, 307–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, B., Lyons, R., Phillips, S., 1991. Attenuation of alpha particle track dose for spherical grains. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18, 249–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brocchini, D., 1993. Il Vulcano Vulture (Basilicata). Cronologia radiometrica ed evoluzione. MSc thesis, Università di Pisa, 70 pp.Google Scholar
Brocchini, D., La Volpe, L., Laurenzi, M.A., Principe, C., 1994. Storia evolutiva del Mt. Vulture. Plinius 12, 22–25.Google Scholar
Ceruleo, P., Marra, F., Pandolfi, L., Petronio, C., Salari, L., 2015. The archaic Acheulean lithic industry of the Cretone basin (Latium, central Italy). Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 3, 480–492.Google Scholar
Ceruleo, P., Rolfo, M.F., Marra, Fabrizio, Petronio, C., Salari, L., Gatta, M., 2019. New chronological framework (MIS 13–9) and depositional context for the lower Palaeolithic sites north-west of Rome: revisiting the early hominin in central Italy. Quaternary International 510, 119–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiappella, G., 1964. Il Paleolitico inferiore di Venosa. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 73, 7–23.Google Scholar
Cortini, M., 1975. Età K–Ar del Monte Vulture (Lucania). Rivista Italiana di Geofisica 2, 45–46.Google Scholar
Crovetto, C., 1990. L'industrie de Venosa–Loreto (Tayac en ancien): recherche de régularités (nature du matérieu, forme, technique de taille), analyse statistique, classification. Master's thesis. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.Google Scholar
Crovetto, C., 1993. Le Paleolithique inferieur de Loreto. Bulletin du Musée d'Anthropologie Prehistorique de Monaco 36, 31–57.Google Scholar
de Lumley, H., 1960. Clactonien et Tayacie dans la région méditerranéenne française: note de Monsieur Henry de Lumley présentée par Jean Piveteau. Comptes Rendus des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences 250, 1887–1888.Google Scholar
Di Cesnola, A.P., Mallegni, F., 1996. Le Paléolithique Inférieur et Moyen en Italie (Vol. 1). Editions Millon, Jérôme, Grenoble, France.Google Scholar
Doglioni, C., Mongelli, F., Pieri, P., 1994. The Puglia uplift (SE-Italy): an anomaly in the foreland of the Apenninic subduction due to buckling of a thick continental lithosphere. Tectonics 13, 1309–1321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dolo, J.M., Lecerf, N., Mihajlovic, V., Falguères, C., Bahain, J.-J., 1996. Contribution of ESR dosimetry for irradiation of geological and archaeological samples with a 60Co panoramic source. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 47, 1419–1421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
D'Orazio, M., Innocenti, F., Tonarini, S., Doglioni, C., 2007. Carbonatites in a subduction system: the Pleistocene alvikites from Mt. Vulture (southern Italy). Lithos 98, 313–334CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falguères, C., Bahain, J.-J., Tozzi, C., Boschian, G., Dolo, J.-M., Mercier, N., Valladas, H., Yokoyama, Y., 2008. ESR/U-series chronology of the Lower Palaeolithic palaeoanthropological site of Visogliano, Trieste, Italy. Quaternary Geochronology 3, 390–398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Florindo, F., Marra, F., Angelucci, D.E., Biddittu, I., Bruni, L., Florindo, F., Gaeta, M., et al., 2021. Environmental evolution, faunal and human occupation since 2 Ma in the Anagni basin, central Italy. Scientific Reports 11, 7056. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85446-5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gagnepain, J., 1996. Étude magnétostratigraphique de sites du Pléistocène inférieur et moyen des Alpes maritimes et d'Italie: grotte du Vallonet, Marina Airport, Ca'Belvedere di Monte Poggiolo, Isernia la Pineta, Venosa Loreto. Thèse du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 3 vol.Google Scholar
García-Medrano, P., Ollé, A., Ashton, N., Roberts, M.B., 2019. The mental template in handaxe manufacture: new insights into Acheulean lithic technological behavior at Boxgrove, Sussex, UK. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 26, 396–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giannandrea, P., 2006. Il bacino fluvio-lacustre di Venosa. In: Principe, C. (ed.), La Geologia del Monte Vulture, Regione Basilicata. Arti Grafiche Finiguerra, Lavello, Italy, pp. 55–73.Google Scholar
Giannandrea, P., La Volpe, L., Principe, C., Schiattarella, M., 2004. Carta geologica del Monte Vulture alla scala 1:25.000. Litografia Artistica Cartografica, Firenze, Italy.Google Scholar
Grifoni, R., Tozzi, C., 2006. L’émergence des identités culturelles au Paléolithique inférieur: le cas de l'Italie. Comptes Rendus Palevol 5, 137–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grün, R., 1994. A cautionary note: use of the “water content” and “depth for cosmic ray dose rate” in AGE and DATA programs. Ancient TL 12, 50–51.Google Scholar
Grün, R., 2000. Methods of dose determination using ESR spectra of tooth enamel. Radiation Measurements 32, 767–772.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grün, R., Katzenberger-Apel, O., 1994. An alpha irradiator for ESR dating. Ancient TL 12, 35–38.Google Scholar
Grün, R., Schwarcz, H.P., Chadam, J.M., 1988. ESR dating of tooth enamel: coupled correction for U-uptake and U-series disequilibrium. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 14, 237–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guérin, G., Mercier, N., Adamiec, G., 2011. Dose-rate conversion factors: update. Ancient TL 29, 5–8.Google Scholar
Henri-Martin, G., 1954. Le Tayacien. Bulletin de la Société Préhistorique Française 51, 27–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koppers, A.A.P., 2002. ArAr CALC—software for 40Ar/39Ar age calculations. Computers & Geosciences 28, 605–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamotte, A., Tuffreau, A., 2001. Les industries acheuléennes de Cagny (Somme) dans le contexte de l'Europe du nordouest. In: Tuffreau, A. (Ed.), L'Acheuléen dans la Vallée de la Somme et le Paléolithique Moyen dans le Nord de la France: Données Récentes. Publications du Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Préhistoriques 6, 149–153.Google Scholar
Laurent, M., Falguères, C., Bahain, J-J., Rousseau, L., Van Vliet-Lanoë, B., 1998. ESR dating of quartz extracted from Quaternary and Neogene sediments: method, potential and actual limits. Quaternary Science Reviews 17, 1057–1061.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Volpe, L., Principe, C., 1994. Il Monte Vulture. Guida all'escurzione Generale Pre-Congressuale. 77th Congresso Nazionale della Società Geologica Italiana, Bari.Google Scholar
Lee, J.Y., Marti, K., Severinghaus, J.P., Kawamura, K., Hee-Soo, Y., Lee, J.B., Kim, J.S., 2006. A redetermination of the isotopic abundances of atmospheric Ar. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 70, 4507–4512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lefèvre, D., Raynal, J.P., Pilleyre, T., Vernet, G., 1993. Contribution à la chronostratigraphie de la série de Venosa-Notarchirico (Basilicata). Atti Della XXX Riunione Scientifica, Paleosuperfici del Pleistocene e del Primo Olocene in Italia. Processi di Formazione e Interpretazione. Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria, Firenze, pp. 117-128.Google Scholar
Lefèvre, D., Raynal, J.P., Vernet, G., 1999. Un bassin, un volcan. Enregistrements Pléistocènes dans le bassin de Venosa. In: Piperno, M. (Ed.), Notarchirico: un Sito del Pleistocene Medio-antico nel Bacino di Venosa (Basilicata). Osanna, Venosa, Italy, pp. 139–173.Google Scholar
Lefèvre, D., Raynal, J.P., Vernet, G., Kieffer, G., Piperno, M., 2010. Tephro-stratigraphy and the age of ancient Southern Italian Acheulean settlements: the sites of Loreto and Notarchirico (Venosa, Basilicata, Italy). Quaternary International 223–224, 360–368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lefèvre, D., Raynal, J.P., Vernet, G., Pilleyre, T., Piperno, M., Sanzelle, S., Fain, J., Miallier, D., Montret, M., 1994. Sédimentation, volcanisme et présence humaine dans le bassin de Venosa (Basilicata, Italie) au Pléistocene moyen: exemple du site de Notarchirico. Bulletin de la Société Préhistorique Française 91, 103–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ludwig, K.R., 2003. Isoplot 3.0, a geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication 4, 71 pp.Google Scholar
Marra, F., Nomade, S., Pereira, A., Petronio, C., Salari, L., Sottili, G., Bahain, J., 2018. A review of the geologic sections and the faunal assemblages of Aurelian Mammal Age of Latium (Italy) in the light of a new chronostratigraphic framework. Quaternary Science Reviews 181, 173–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marra, F., Pereira, A., Boschian, G., Nomade, S., 2022. MIS 13 and MIS 11 aggradational successions of the Paleo-Tiber delta: geochronological constraints to sea-level fluctuations and to the Acheulean sites of Castel di Guido and Malagrotta (Rome, Italy). Quaternary International 616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2021.12.016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marra, F., Rohling, E.J., Florindo, F., Jicha, B., Nomade, S., Pereira, A., Renne, P.R., 2016 Independent 40Ar/39Ar and 14C age constraints on the last five glacial terminations from the aggradational successions of the Tiber River, Rome (Italy). Earth and Planetary Science Letters 449, 105–117CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moncel, M.-H., Ashton, N., Arzarello, M., Fontana, F., Lamotte, A., Scott, B., Muttillo, B., et al., 2021. Early Levallois core technology between MIS 12 and 9 in Western Europe. Journal of Human Evolution 139, 102735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moncel, M.-H., Santagata, C., Pereira, A., Nomade, S., Voinchet, P., Bahain, J.J., Daujeard, C., et al., 2020. The origin of early Acheulean expansion in Europe 700 ka ago: new findings at Notarchirico (Italy). Scientific Reports 10, 13802. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68617-8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murray, A.S., Roberts, R.G., 1997. Determining the burial time of single grains of quartz using optically stimulated luminescence. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 152, 163–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niespolo, E.M., Rutte, D., Deino, A., Renne, P.R., 2017. Intercalibration and age of the Alder Creek sanidine 40Ar/39Ar standard. Quaternary Geochronology 39, 205–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nomade, S., Gauthier, A., Guillou, H., Pastre, J.F., 2010. 40Ar/39Ar temporal framework for the Alleret maar lacustrine sequence (French Massif Central): volcanological and paleoclimatic implications. Quaternary Geochronology 5, 20–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nomade, S., Renne, P.R., Vogel, N., Deino, A.L., Sharp, W.D., Becker, T.A., Jaouni, A.R., Mundil, R., 2005. Alder Creek sanidine (ACs-2): a Quaternary 40Ar/39Ar dating standard tied to the Cobb Mountain geomagnetic event. Chemical Geology 218, 315–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peccerillo, A., 2005. Plio-Quaternary volcanism in Italy. Petrology, Geochemistry, Geodynamics. Springer, Heidelberg, 365 pp.Google Scholar
Pereira, A., Monaco, L., Marra, F., Nomade, S., Gaeta, M., Leicher, N., Palladino, D.M., et al., 2020. Tephrochronology of the central Mediterranean MIS 11c interglacial (~425–395 ka): new constraints from the Vico Volcano and Tiber Delta, central Italy. Quaternary Science Reviews 243, 106470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira, A., Nomade, S., Falguères, C., Bahain, J.-J., Tombret, O., Garcia, T., Voinchet, P., Bulgarelli, G.-M., Anzidei, A.-P., 2017. New 40Ar/39Ar and ESR/U-series data for the La Polledrara di Cecanibbio archaeological site (Lazio, Italy). Journal of Archaeological Science: Report 15, 20–29.Google Scholar
Pereira, A., Nomade, S., Moncel, M.-H., Voinchet, P., Bahain, J.J., Biddittu, I., Falguères, C., et al., 2018. Integrated geochronology of Acheulian sites from the southern Latium (central Italy): insights on human–environment interaction and the technological innovations during the MIS 11–MIS 10 period. Quaternary Science Reviews 187, 112–129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira, A., Nomade, S., Shao, Q., Bahain, J.-J., Arzarello, M., Douville, E., Falguères, C., et al., 2016. 40Ar/39Ar and ESR–U/Th dates for Guado San Nicola, middle Pleistocene key site at the lower/middle Palaeolithic transition in Italy. Quaternary Geochronology 36, 67–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira, A., Nomade, S., Voinchet, P., Bahain, J.J., Falguères, C., Garon, H., Lefèvre, D., Raynal, J.P., Scao, V., Piperno, M., 2015. The earliest securely dated hominin fossil in Italy and evidence of Acheulian occupation during glacial MIS 16 at Notarchirico (Venosa, Basilicata, Italy). Journal of Quaternary Science 30, 639–650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peretto, C., Arnaud, J., Moggi-Cecchi, J., Manzi, G., Nomade, S., Pereira, A., Falguères, C., et al., 2015. A human deciduous tooth and new dating results from the middle Pleistocene site of Isernia La Pineta, Italy. PLoSONE 10, e0140091. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140091CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petronio, C., Ceruleo, P., Marra, F., Pandolfi, L., Rolfo, M.F., Salari, L., Sottili, G., Moro, P.A., 2017. A novel multidisciplinary bio- and geo-chronological approach for age determination of Palaeolithic bone artifacts in volcanic settings: an example from eastern Sabatini, Latium, Italy. Quaternary International 438, 81–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piccarreta, G., Ricchetti, G., 1970. I depositi del bacino fluvio-lacustre della fiumara di Venosa–Mattinella e del torrente Basentello. Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana 9, 121–134.Google Scholar
Pilleyre, Th., Sanzelle, S., Fain, J., Miallier, D., Montret, M., 1999. Essai de dattaion par thermoluminescence des dépôts du site acheuléen de Notarchirico. In: Piperno, M. (Ed.), Notarchirico: un Sito del Pleistocene Medio-antico nel Bacino di Venosa (Basilicata). Osanna, Venosa, Italy, pp. 235–243.Google Scholar
Piperno, M., Lefèvre, D., Raynal, J.P., Tagliacozzo, A., 1998. Notarchirico, an early middle Pleistocene site in the Venosa basin. Anthropologie 36, 85–90.Google Scholar
Piperno, M., Lefèvre, D., Raynal, J.P., Tagliacozzo, A., 1999. Conclusioni generali. In: Piperno, M. (Ed.), Notarchirico: un Sito del Pleistocene Medio-antico nel Bacino di Venosa (Basilicata). Osanna, Venosa, Italy, pp. 537–543Google Scholar
Prescott, J.R., Hutton, J.T., 1994. Cosmic ray contributions to dose rates for luminescence and ESR dating: large depths and long-term time variations. Radiation Measurements 23, 497–500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raynal, J.P., Lefèvre, D., Vernet, G., 1999. Lithostratigraphie du site acheuléen de Notarchirico (avec la collaboration de G. Papy). In: Piperno, M. (Ed.), Notarchirico: un Sito del Pleistocene Medio-antico nel Bacino di Venosa (Basilicata). Osanna, Venosa, Italy, pp. 175–206.Google Scholar
Raynal, J.P., Lefevre, D., Vernet, G., Pilleyre, T., Sanzelle, S., Fain, J., Miallier, D., Montret, M., 1998. Sedimentary dynamics and tecto-volcanism in the Venosa Basin (Basilicata, Italia). Quaternary International 47–48, 97–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rellini, U., 1932. Sulla scoperta di una strato pre-amigdaliano a Loretello di Venosa e sugli indizi probabili di un'età proto-litica in Italia. Bullettino di Paletnologia Italiana 50–51, 1–11Google Scholar
Renne, P.R., Balco, G., Ludwig, K.R., Mundil, R., Min, K., 2011. Response to the comment by W.H. Schwarz et al. on “Joint determination of 40K decay constants and 40Ar*/40K for the Fish Canyon sanidine standard, and improved accuracy for 40Ar/39Ar geochronology” by P. Renne R. et al. (2010). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75, 5097–5100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rossoni-Notter, E., Notter, O., Simone, S., Simon, P., 2016. Acheulean technical behaviors in Aldène Cave (Cesseras, Hérault, France). Quaternary International 409, 149–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiattarella, M., Beneduce, P., Di Leo, P., Giano, S.I., Giannandrea, P., Principe, C., 2005. Assetto strutturale ed evoluzione morfotettonica Quaternaria del Vulcano del Monte Vulture (Appennino Lucano). Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana 124, 543–562.Google Scholar
Segre, A.G., Piperno, M., 1984. Veno'a-Notarchirico, Basilicata. In: Catalogo I prim’ abitanti d'Europa, Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico. Pigorini, L., De Luca Editori, pp. 186–188.Google Scholar
Shao, Q., Bahain, J.-J., Falguères, C., Dolo, J.-M., Garcia, T., 2012. A new U-uptake model for combined ESR/U-series dating of tooth enamel. Quaternary Geochronology 10, 406–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shao, Q., Bahain, J.-J., Falguères, C., Peretto, C., Arzarello, M., Minelli, A., Hohenstein, U.T., et al., 2011. New ESR/U-series data for the early middle Pleistocene site of Isernia la Pineta, Italy. Radiation Measurements 46, 847–852.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shao, Q., Bahain, J.J., Dolo, J.M., Falguères, C., 2014. Monte Carlo approach to calculate US–ESR age and age uncertainty for tooth enamel. Quaternary Geochronology 22, 99–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singer, B.S., 2014. A Quaternary geomagnetic instability time scale. Quaternary Geochronology 21, 29–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steiger, R.H., Jäger, E., 1977. Subcommission on Geochronology: convention on the use of decay constants in geo- and cosmo-chronology. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 36, 359–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tissoux, H., Voinchet, P., Lacquement, F., Prognon, F., Moreno, D., Falguères, C., Bahain, J.-J., Toyoda, S., 2012. Investigation on non-optically bleachable components of ESR aluminium signal in quartz. Radiation Measurements 47, 894–899.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toyoda, S., Falguères, C., 2003. The method to represent the ESR signal intensity of the aluminium hole centre in quartz for the purpose of dating. Advances in ESR Applications 20, 7–10.Google Scholar
Toyoda, S., Tsukamoto, S., Hameau, S., Usui, H., Suzuki, T., 2006 Dating of Japanese Quaternary tephras by ESR and luminescence methods. Quaternary Geochronology 1, 320–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vandenberghe, D., De Corte, F., Buylaert, J.P., Kučera, J., Van den haute, P., 2008. On the internal radioactivity in quartz. Radiation Measurements 43, 771–775.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vernet, G., Raynal, J.P., Lefèvre, D., Kieffer, G., 1999. Tephras distales dans les dépôts du Plaistocène moyen de Venosa (Basilicata, Italia). In: Piperno, M. (Ed.), Notarchirico: un Sito del Pleistocene Medio-antico nel Bacino di Venosa (Basilicata). Osanna, Venosa, Italy, pp. 207–233.Google Scholar
Villa, I.M., Buettner, A., 2009. Chronostratigraphy of Monte Vulture Volcano (southern Italy): secondary mineral microtextures and 39Ar–40Ar systematics. Bulletin of Volcanology 71, 1195–1208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Villa, P., Boschian, G., Pollarolo, L., Saccà, D., Marra, F., Nomade, S., Pereira, A., 2021. Elephant bones for the middle Pleistocene toolmaker. PLoS ONE 16, e0256090. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256090.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Villa, P., Soriano, S., Grün, R., Marra, F., Nomade, S., Pereira, A., Boschian, G., Pollarolo, L., Fang, F., Bahain, J.-J., 2016. The Acheulian and early middle Paleolithic in Latium (Italy): stability and innovation. PLoS ONE 11, e0160516. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Villa, V., Pereira, A., Chaussé, C., Nomade, S., Fusco, F., Limondin-Lozouet, N., Degeai, J.P., et al., 2016. New chronostratigraphy for Valle Giumentina (Abbruzzo, Italy): a 150,000 years long middle-Pleistocene archaeological sequence. Quaternary Science Reviews 151, 160–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Voinchet, P., Bahain, J.J., Falguères, C., Laurent, M., Dolo, J.M., Despriée, J., Gageonnet, R., 2004. ESR dating of quartz extracted from Quaternary sediments: application to fluvial terraces system of northern France. Quaternaire 15, 135–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Voinchet, P., Pereira, A., Nomade, S., Falguères, C., Biddittu, I., Piperno, M., Moncel, M.-H., Bahain, J.-J., 2020. SR dating applied to optically bleached quartz – a comparison with 40Ar/39Ar chronologies on Italian middle Pleistocene sequences. Quaternary International 556, 113–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira et al. supplementary material 1
Pereira et al. supplementary material
File
2.9 MB
Pereira et al. supplementary material 2
Pereira et al. supplementary material
File
20 KB
Pereira et al. supplementary material 3
Pereira et al. supplementary material
File
20.9 KB