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Vegetation, fire, climate and human disturbance history in the southwestern Mediterranean area during the late Holocene

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno ,
Antonio García-Alix ,
María Dolores Hernández-Corbalán ,
R. Scott Anderson  and
Antonio Delgado-Huertas
Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
Antonio García-Alix
Affiliation:
Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra CSCI-UGR, Armilla, Granada, Spain
María Dolores Hernández-Corbalán
Affiliation:
Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
R. Scott Anderson
Affiliation:
School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
Antonio Delgado-Huertas
Affiliation:
Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra CSCI-UGR, Armilla, Granada, Spain
*
*Corresponding author. Fax: + 34 958 248528. E-mail address:gonzaloj@ugr.es (G. Jiménez-Moreno).
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Abstract

Detailed pollen, charcoal, isotope and magnetic susceptibility data from an alpine lake sediment core from Sierra Nevada, southern Spain record changes in vegetation, fire history and lake sedimentation since ca. 4100 cal yr BP. The proxies studied record an arid period from ca. 3800 to 3100 cal yr BP characterized by more xerophytic vegetation and lower lake levels. A humid period is recorded between ca. 3100 and 1850 cal yr BP, which occurred in two steps: (1) an increase in evergreen Quercus between 3100 and 2500 cal yr BP, indicating milder conditions than previously and (2) an increase in deciduous Quercus and higher lake levels, between ca. 2500 and 1850 cal yr BP, indicating a further increase in humidity and reduction in seasonal contrast. Humid maxima occurred during the Roman Humid Period, previously identified in other studies in the Mediterranean region. Intensified fire activity at this time could be related to an increase in fuel load and/or in human disturbance. An arid period subsequently occurred between 1850 and 650 cal yr BP, though a decrease in Quercus and an increase in xerophytes. The alternation of persistent North Atlantic Oscillation modes probably played an important role in controlling these humid–arid cycles.

Keywords

ClimateFire historyRoman Humid PeriodLate HoloceneSierra NevadaSouthern Spain
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 79 , Issue 2 , March 2013 , pp. 110 - 122
Copyright
University of Washington

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