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Factors affecting germination of horseweed (Conyza canadensis)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Vijay K. Nandula ,
Thomas W. Eubank ,
Daniel H. Poston ,
Clifford H. Koger  and
Krishna N. Reddy
Thomas W. Eubank
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
Daniel H. Poston
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
Clifford H. Koger
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Production Research Unit, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
Krishna N. Reddy
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Southern Weed Science Research Unit, P.O. Box 345, Stoneville, MS 38776
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Abstract

The influence of environmental factors on germination and emergence of horseweed was examined in growth chamber experiments. Germination was highest (61%) under 24/20 C day/night temperature under light. Horseweed seed germination was observed under both light (13 h photoperiod) and complete darkness (24 h), but germination under continuous darkness was only 0 to 15% compared with 0 to 61% under light. All other experiments were conducted under 24/20 C and 13-h light conditions. Germination was 19 to 36% over a pH range from 4 to 10, with a trend toward higher germination under neutral-to-alkaline conditions. Horseweed germination was > 20% at < 40 mM NaCl concentration and lowest (4%) at 160 mM NaCl. These data suggest that even at high soil salinity conditions, horseweed can germinate. Germination of horseweed decreased from 25% to 2% as osmotic potential increased from 0 (distilled water) to −0.8 MPa, indicating that germination can still occur under moderate water stress conditions. Horseweed seedling emergence was at its maximum on the soil surface, and no seedlings emerged from seeds placed at a depth of 0.5 cm or higher.

Keywords

Horseweed, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. ERICAEmergencelightosmotic stresspHphotoperiodsalt stresstemperature
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 54 , Issue 5 , October 2006 , pp. 898 - 902
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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