Hostname: page-component-5d84bcc8dc-cqzg5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-08-15T15:24:25.488Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Weedy rice (Oryza spp.): what’s in a name?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2021

Nilda Roma-Burgos Open the ORCID record for Nilda Roma-Burgos [Opens in a new window] ,
Maggie Pui San Sudo ,
Kenneth M. Olsen ,
Isabel Werle  and
Beng-Kah Song
Nilda Roma-Burgos*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Maggie Pui San Sudo
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Kenneth M. Olsen
Affiliation:
Professor, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
Isabel Werle
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Beng-Kah Song*
Affiliation:
Professor, School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
*
Authors for correspondence: Nilda Roma-Burgos, University of Arkansas, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (Email: nburgos@uark.edu); Beng-Kah Song, School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 46150 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia. (Email: song.beng.kah@monash.edu)
Authors for correspondence: Nilda Roma-Burgos, University of Arkansas, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (Email: nburgos@uark.edu); Beng-Kah Song, School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 46150 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia. (Email: song.beng.kah@monash.edu)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

There are two species of cultivated rice in the world—Oryza sativa L. from Asia and Oryza glaberrima Steud. from Africa. The former was domesticated from the wild progenitor Oryza rufipogon Griff. and the latter from the African wild rice species Oryza barthii A. Shiv. The first known center of rice cultivation in China generated the O. sativa subspecies japonica. The indica subspecies arose from the second center of domestication in the Ganges River plains of India. Variants of domesticated lines and the continuous hybridization between cultivated varieties and the wild progenitor(s) resulted in weedy rice types. Some weedy types resemble the wild ancestor, but the majority of weedy rices today bear close resemblance to cultivated rice. Weedy rice accompanies rice culture and has increased in occurrence with the global shift in rice establishment from transplanting to direct-seeded or dry-drill-seeded rice. Weedy rice (Oryza spp.) is the most difficult weed to control in rice, causing as much as 90% yield loss or abandonment of severely infested fields. The gene flow continuum between cultivar and weedy rice or wild relative, crop de-domestication, and regionalized adaptation have resulted in a myriad of weedy rice types. The complex lineage of weedy rice has resulted in confusion of weedy rice nomenclature. Two names are generally used for weedy rice—Oryza sativa L. and Oryza sativa f. spontanea. Genomic data show that O. sativa L. applies to weedy rice populations derived from cultivated O. sativa, whereas O. sativa f. spontanea applies only to weedy types that primarily descended from O. rufipogon. Neither of these names applies to African weedy rice, which is of African wild rice or O. glaberrima lineage. Therefore, unless the lineage of the weedy population in question is known, the proper name to use is the generalized name Oryza spp.

Keywords

Crop–weed hybridizationdomesticationOryza sativa f. spontaneaweed population diversificationweedy relativeweedy rice taxonomywild relative

Information

Type
Special Issue Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 69 , Issue 5 , September 2021 , pp. 505 - 513
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

Footnotes

Associate Editor: William Vencill, University of Georgia

References

Abdullah, MZ, Vaughan, DA, Watanabe, H, Okuno, K (1996) The origin of weedy rice in Peninsular Malaysia. MARDI Res J 24:169–174 Google Scholar
Akasaka, M, Ushiki, J, Iwata, H, Ishikawa, R, Ishii, T (2009) Genetic relationships and diversity of weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) and cultivated rice varieties in Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Breeding Sci 59:401–409 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anonymous (2018) BASF launches Provisia™ Rice System delivering enhanced rotational strategy for crops worldwide. Press Release, June 15. https://www.basf.com/cn/en/media/news-releases/global/2018/06/basf-launches-provisia-rice-system.html#. Accessed: January 7, 2021Google Scholar
Arrieta-Espinoza, G, Sánchez, E, Vargas, S, Lobo, J, Quesada, T, Espinoza, AM (2005) The weedy rice complex in Costa Rica. I. Morphological study of relationships between commercial rice varieties, wild Oryza relatives and weedy types. Genet Resour Crop Evol 52:575–587 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azmi, M, Shukor, JA, Mohamad, NMY (2007) Critical period for weedy rice control in direct-seeded rice. J Trop Agric Food Sci 35:333–339 Google Scholar
Baek, J-S, Chung, N-J (2012) Seed wintering and deterioration characteristics between weedy and cultivated rice. Rice 5:1–10 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burgos, NR, Singh, V, Tseng, TM, Black, H, Young, ND, Huang, Z, Hyma, KE, Gealy, DR, Caicedo, AL (2014) The impact of herbicide-resistant rice technology on phenotypic diversity and population structure of United States weedy rice. Plant Physiol 166:1208–1220 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cao, QJ, Bo, L, Song, ZP, Cai, XX, Lu, BR (2007) Impact of weedy rice populations on the growth and yield of direct-seeded and transplanted rice. Weed Biol Manag 7:97–104 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cao, QJ, Lu, BR, Xia, H, Rong, J, Sala, F, Spada, A, Grassi, F (2006) Genetic diversity and origin of weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) populations found in north-eastern China revealed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Ann Bot 98:1241–1252 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, T-T (1975) Exploration and survey in rice. Pages 159–165 in Frankel, OH, Hawkes, JG, eds. Crop Genetic Resources for Today and Tomorrow. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Google Scholar
Chang, T-T (1976a) The origin, evolution, cultivation, dissemination, and diversification of Asian and African rices. Euphytica 25:425–441 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, T-T (1976b) Rice. Pages 98–104 in Simmonds, NW, ed. Evolution of Crop Plants. London: Longman Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS (2012) Weed ecology and weed management strategies for dry-seeded rice in Asia. Weed Technol 26:1–13 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Johnson, DE (2010) Weedy rice (Oryza sativa) I. Grain characteristics and growth response to competition of weedy rice variants from five Asian countries. Weed Sci 58:374–380 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Namuco, OS, Ocampo, LAL, Son, TtN, Thu, TtA, Nam, NN, Phuong, LN, Bajwa, AA (2015) Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) problems and management in wet direct-seeded rice (O. sativa L.) in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Crop Prot 78:40–47 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, LJ, Lee, D, Song, ZP, Suh, HS, Lu, B-R (2004) Gene flow from cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) to its weedy and wild relatives. Ann Bot 93:67–74 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chung, JW, Park, YJ (2010) Population structure analysis reveals the maintenance of isolated sub-populations of weedy rice. Weed Res 50:606–620 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cui, Y, Song, BK, Li, L-F, Li, Y-L, Huang, Z, Caicedo, AL, Jia, Y, Olsen, KM (2016) Little white lies: pericarp color provides insights into the origins and evolution of Southeast Asian weedy rice. G3 6:4105–4114CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delouche, JC, Burgos, NR, Gealy, DR, de San Martin, GZ, Labrada, R, Larinde, M, Rosell, C (2007) Weedy Rices: Origin, Biology, Ecology and Control. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Publication 188. 156 pGoogle Scholar
Eleftherohorinos, I, Dhima, KV, Vasilakoglou, I (2002) Interference of red rice in rice grown in Greece. Weed Sci 50:167–172 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellstrand, NC, Heredia, SM, Leak-Garcia, JA, Heraty, JM, Burger, JC, Yao, L, Nohzadeh-Malakshah, S, Ridley, CE (2010) Crops gone wild: evolution of weeds and invasives from domesticated ancestors. Evol Appl 3:494–504 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Engku, AK, Mazlan, N, Juraimi, AS, Rafii, MY, Abdullah, SNA, Alam, MA (2016) Gene flow from Clearfield® rice to weedy rice under field conditions. Plant Soil Environ 62:16–22 Google Scholar
Estorninos, LE Jr, Gealy, DR, Gbur, EE, Talbert, RE, Clelland, MRMc (2005) Rice and red rice interference. II. Rice response to population densities of three red rice (Oryza sativa) ecotypes. Weed Sci 53:683–689 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrero, A, Vidotto, F (1998) Germinability after flowering, shattering ability and longevity of red rice seeds. Pages 205–211 in Proceedings of the 6th EWRS Mediterranean Symposium. Montpellier, France: European Weed Research SocietyGoogle Scholar
Fischer, J, Ramirez, A (1993) Red rice (Oryza sativa): competition studies for management decisions. Int J Pest Manag 39:133–138 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fogliatto, S, Vidotto, F, Fererro, A (2011) Germination of weedy rice in response to field conditions during winter. Weed Technol 25:252–261 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fogliatto, S, Vidotto, F, Ferrero, A (2012) Morphological characterisation of Italian weedy rice (Oryza sativa) populations. Weed Res 52:60–69 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fory, L, Corredor, E, Agrono, T, Gonzalez, E, Ordonez, C, Duque, M, Lentini, Z (2005) Scaling Up Gene Flow Analysis from Rice into Weedy Rice at Landscape under Farmers’ Commercial Conditions (Annual Report). Cali, Colombia: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT)Google Scholar
Fory, L, Gonzalez, E, Velasquez, A, Morales, M, Arcia, K, Blanco, A, Quintero, M, Ortiz, A, Perez, I, Duque, M, Lentini, Z (2007) Gene Flow Analysis in Rice to Wild/Weedy Relatives in Tropical America: Understanding Crop-Biodiversity Interactions. Cali, Colombia: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT)Google Scholar
Fuller, DQ, Sato, Y-I, Castillo, C, Qin, L, Weisskopf, AR, Kingwell-Banham, EJ, Song, J, Ahn, S-M, van Etten, J (2010) Consilience of genetics and archaeobotany in the entangled history of rice. Archaeol Anthrop Sci 2:115–131 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gealy, DR, Agrama, H, Jia, MH (2012) Genetic analysis of atypical U.S. red rice phenotypes: indications of prior gene flow in rice fields? Weed Sci 60:451–461 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gealy, DR, Burgos, NR, Yeater, KM, Jackson, AK (2015) Outcrossing potential between U.S. blackhull red rice and indica rice cultivars. Weed Sci 63:647–657 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goss, WL, Brown, E (1939) Buried red rice seed 1. Agron J 31:633–637 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goulart, ICGR, Borba, TCO, Menezes, VG, Merotto, A (2014) Distribution of weedy red rice (Oryza sativa) resistant to imidazolinone herbicides and its relationship to rice cultivars and wild Oryza species. Weed Sci 62:280–293 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Govaerts, R (2019) World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://wcsp.science.kew.org/nonacceptedRef.do;jsessionid=38262182B57029E033A9007CB82D9FE2.kppapp05-wcsp?name_id=465119. Accessed: November 4, 2020Google Scholar
Grimm, A, Fogliatto, S, Nick, P, Ferrero, A, Vidotto, F (2013) Microsatellite markers reveal multiple origins for Italian weedy rice. Ecol Evol 3:4786–4798 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grimm, A, Sahi, VP, Amann, M, Vidotto, F, Fogliatto, S, Devos, KM, Ferrero, A, Nick, P (2020) Italian weedy rice—a case of de-domestication? Ecol Evol 10:8449–8464 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gross, BL, Reagon, M, Hsu, S-C, Caicedo, AL, Jia, Y, Olsen, KM (2010) Seeing red: the origin of grain pigmentation in US weedy rice. Mol Ecol 19:3380–3393 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
He, Q, Kim, K-W, Park, Y-J (2017) Population genomics identifies the origin and signatures of selection of Korean weedy rice. Plant Biotechnol J 15:357–366 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoyos, V, Plaza, G, Caicedo, AL (2019) Characterization of the phenotypic variability in Colombian weedy rice (Oryza spp.). Weed Sci 67:441–452 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoyos, V, Plaza, G, Li, X, Caicedo, AL (2020) Something old, something new: evolution of Colombian weedy rice (Oryza spp.) through de novo de-domestication, exotic gene flow, and hybridization. Evol Appl 13:1968–1983 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, Z, Young, ND, Reagon, M, Hyma, KE, Olsen, KM, Jia, Y, Caicedo, AL (2017) All roads lead to weediness: patterns of genomic divergence reveal extensive recurrent weedy rice origins from South Asian Oryza . Mol Ecol 26:3151–3167 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Imaizumi, T (2018) Weedy rice represents an emerging threat to transplanted rice production systems in Japan: weedy rice in transplanted rice. Weed Biol Manag 18:99–102 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[IPNI] International Plant Names Index (2020) Home page. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries, and Australian National Botanic Gardens. http://www.ipni.org. Accessed: December 10, 2020Google Scholar
Ishikawa, R, Toki, N, Imai, K, Sato, YI, Yamagishi, H, Shimamoto, Y, Ueno, K, Morishima, H, Sato, T (2005) Origin of weedy rice grown in Bhutan and the force of genetic diversity. Genet Res Crop Evol 52:395–403 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juliano, LM, Donayre, DKM, Martin, EC, Beltran, JC (2020) Weedy rice: an expanding problem in direct-seeded rice in the Philippines. Weed Biol Manage 20:27–37 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanapeckas, KL, Tseng, T-M, Vigueira, CC, Ortiz, A, Bridges, WC, Burgos, NR, Fischer, AJ, Lawton-Rauh, A (2018) Contrasting patterns of variation in weedy traits and unique crop features in divergent populations of US weedy rice (Oryza sativa sp.) in Arkansas and California: trait variation in recent and long-established weedy rice. Pest Manag Sci 74:1404–1415 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanapeckas, KL, Vigueira, CC, Ortiz, A, Gettler, KA, Burgos, NR, Fischer, AJ, Lawton-Rauh, AL (2016) Escape to ferality: the endoferal origin of weedy rice from crop rice through de-domestication. PLoS ONE 11:e0162676 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karn, E, De Leon, T, Espino, L, Al-Khatib, K, Brim-DeForest, W (2020) Effects of competition from California weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) biotypes on a cultivated rice variety. Weed Technol 34:1–9 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khush, GS (1997) Origin, dispersal, cultivation and variation of rice. Plant Mol Biol 35:25–34 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kwon, SL, Smith, RJ Jr, Talbert, RE (1991) Interference of red rice (Oryza sativa) densities in rice (O. sativa). Weed Sci 39:169–174 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwon, SL, Smith, RJ Jr, Talbert, RE (1992) Comparative growth and development of red rice (Oryza sativa) and rice (O. sativa). Weed Sci 40:57–62 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leon, CT (2005) Red Rice Competition and Control in Cultivated Rice. Ph.D dissertation. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University. 93 pGoogle Scholar
Li, L-F, Li, Y-L, Jia, Y, Caicedo, AL, Olsen, KM (2017) Signatures of adaptation in the weedy rice genome. Nat Genet 49:811–814 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, L-F, Olsen, KM (2020) Population genomics of weedy crop relatives: insights from weedy rice. In: Population Genomics. Cham: Springer. doi: 10.1007/13836_2020_77 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, B-R, Naredo, MEB, Juliano, AB, Jackson, MT (1997) Hybridization of AA genome rice species from Asia and Australia II. Meiotic analysis of Oryza meridionalis and its hybrids. Genet Res Crop Evol 44:25–31 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maneechote, C, Jamjod, S, Rerkasem, B (2004) Invasion of weedy rice in rice fields in Thailand: problems and management. Int Rice Res Notes 29:20–22 Google Scholar
Marambe, B (2005) Properties of rice growing in abandoned paddies in Sri Lanka. Pages 295–303 in Gressel, J, ed. Crop Ferality and Volunteerism. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Messeguer, J, Marfà, V, Català, MM, Guiderdoni, E, Melé, E (2004) A field study of pollen-mediated gene flow from Mediterranean GM rice to conventional rice and the red rice weed. Mol Breeding 13:103–112 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, RS, Choi, JY, Sanches, M, Plessis, A, Flowers, JM, Amas, J, Dorph, K, Barretto, A, Gross, B, Fuller, DQ, Bimpong, IK, Ndjiondjop, M-N, Hazzouri, KM, Gregorio, GB, Purugganan, MD (2016) Domestication history and geographical adaptation inferred from a SNP map of African rice. Nat Genet 48:1083–1088 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Molina, J, Sikora, M, Garud, N, Flowers, J, Rubinstein, S, Reynolds, A, Huang, P, Jackson, S, Schaal, BA, Bustamante, CD, Boyko, AR, Purugganan, MD (2011) Molecular evidence for a single evolutionary origin of domesticated rice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:8351–8356 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morishima, H, Oka, H-I, Chang, W-T (1961) Directions of differentiation in populations of wild rice, Oryza perennis and O. sativa f. spontanea . Evolution 15:326–339 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neik, T-X, Chai, J-Y, Tan, S-Y, Sudo, MPS, Cui, Y, Jayaraj, J, Teo, S-S, Olsen, KM, Song, B-K (2019) When West meets East: the origins and spread of weedy rice between continental and island Southeast Asia. G3 9:2941–2950 Google Scholar
Niruntrayakul, S, Rerkasem, B, Jamjod, S (2009) Crossability between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and common wild rice (O. rufipogon) and characterisation of F1 and F2 populations. ScienceAsia 35:161–169 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noldin, J, Chandler, J, McCauley, G (1999) Red rice (Oryza sativa) biology. I. Characterization of red rice ecotypes. Weed Technol 13:12–18 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nunes, AL, Delatorre, CA, Merotto, JA (2014) Gene expression related to seed shattering and the cell wall in cultivated and weedy rice. Plant Biol 16:888–896 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oka, HI (1988) Origin of Cultivated Rice. 1st ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science & Technology. 254 p Google Scholar
Oka, HI, Chang, WT (1959) The impact of cultivation on populations of wild rice, Oryza sativa f. spontanea. Phyton 13:105–117 Google Scholar
Orjuela, J, Sabot, F, Chéron, S, Vigouroux, Y, Adam, H, Chrestin, H, Sanni, K, Lorieux, M, Ghesquière, A (2014) An extensive analysis of the African rice genetic diversity through a global genotyping. Theor Appl Genet 127:2211–2223 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ottis, B, Smith, KL, Scott, RC, Talbert, RE (2005) Rice yield and quality as affected by cultivar and red rice (Oryza sativa) density. Weed Sci 53:499–504 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prathepha, P (2009) The badh2 allele of the fragrance (fgr/BADH2) gene is present in the gene population of weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) from Thailand. Am Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci 5:603–608 Google Scholar
Pusadee, T, Schaal, BA, Schaal, BA, Rerkasem, B, Rerkasem, B, Jamjod, S, Jamjod, S (2013) Population structure of the primary gene pool of Oryza sativa in Thailand. Gen Res Crop Evol 60:335–353 Google Scholar
Qiu, J, Jia, L, Wu, D, Weng, X, Chen, L, Sun, J, Chen, M, Mao, L, Jiang, B, Ye, C, Turra, GM, Guo, L, Ye, G, Zhu, Q-H, Imaizumi, T, et al. (2020) Diverse genetic mechanisms underlie worldwide convergent rice feralization. Genome Biol 21:70–70 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, J, Zhou, Y, Mao, L, Ye, C, Wang, W, Zhang, J, Yu, Y, Fu, F, Wang, Y, Qian, F, Qi, T, Wu, S, Sultana, MH, Cao, Y-N, Wang, Y, et al. (2017) Genomic variation associated with local adaptation of weedy rice during de-domestication. Nat Commun 8:15323–15323 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, J, Zhu, J, Fu, F, Ye, C-Y, Wang, W, Mao, L, Lin, Z, Chen, L, Zhang, H, Guo, L, Qiang, S, Lu, Y, Fan, L (2014) Genome re-sequencing suggested a weedy rice origin from domesticated indica-japonica hybridization: a case study from Southern China. Planta 240:1353–1363 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reagon, M, Thurber, CS, Gross, BL, Olsen, KM, Jia, Y, Caicedo, AL (2010) Genomic patterns of nucleotide diversity in divergent populations of U.S. weedy rice. BMC Evol Biol 10:180–180 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roma-Burgos, N, Butts, TR, Bottoms, S, Werle, IS (2021) Weedy rice update in Arkansas, USA and surrounding locales. Weed Sci, doi: 10.1017/wsc.2021.45 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shekhawat, K, Rathore, SS, Chauhan, BS (2020) Weed management in dry direct-seeded rice: a review on challenges and opportunities for sustainable rice production. Agronomy 10:1264 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shivrain, VK, Burgos, NR, Anders, MM, Rajguru, SN, Moore, J, Sales, MA (2007) Gene flow between Clearfield™ rice and red rice. Crop Prot 26:349–356 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shivrain, VK, Burgos, NR, Gealy, DR, Moldenhauer, KAK, Baquireza, CJ (2008) Maximum outcrossing rate and genetic compatibility between red rice (Oryza sativa) biotypes and Clearfield ™ Rice. Weed Sci 56:807–813 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shivrain, VK, Burgos, NR, Gealy, DR, Sales, MA, Smith, KL (2009a) Gene flow from weedy red rice (Oryza sativa L.) to cultivated rice and fitness of hybrids: gene flow from weedy rice to red rice. Pest Manage Sci 65:1124–1129 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shivrain, VK, Burgos, NR, Gealy, DR, Smith, KL, Scott, RC, Mauromoustakos, A, Black, H (2009b) Red rice (Oryza sativa) emergence characteristics and influence on rice yield at different planting dates. Weed Sci 57:94–102 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shivrain, VK, Burgos, NR, Scott, RC, Gbur, EE Jr, Estorninos, LE Jr, McClelland, M (2010) Phenotypic diversity of weedy red rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Arkansas, U.S.A. in relation to weed management. Crop Prot 29:721–730 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva, F, Stevens, CJ, Weisskopf, A, Castillo, C, Qin, L, Bevan, A, Fuller, DQ (2015) Modelling the geographical origin of rice cultivation in Asia using the rice archaeological database. PLoS ONE 10:e0137024 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, V, Singh, S, Black, H, Boyett, V, Basu, S, Gealy, DR, Gbur, E, Pereira, A, Scott, RC, Caicedo, AL, Burgos, NR (2017) Introgression of Clearfield™ rice crop traits into weedy red rice outcrosses. Field Crop Res 207:13–23 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Song, B-K, Chuah, T-S, Tam, SM, Olsen, KM (2014) Malaysian weedy rice shows its true stripes: wild Oryza and elite rice cultivars shape agricultural weed evolution in Southeast Asia. Mol Ecol 23:5003–5017 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Subudhi, PK, Singh, PK, DeLeon, T, Parco, A, Karan, R, Biradar, H, Cohn, MA, Sasaki, T (2014) Mapping of seed shattering loci provides insights into origin of weedy rice and rice domestication. J Hered 105:276–287 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sudianto, E, Neik, T-X, Tam, SM, Chuah, T-S, Idris, AA, Olsen, KM, Song, B-K (2016) Morphology of Malaysian weedy rice (Oryza sativa): diversity, origin and implications for weed management. Weed Sci 64:501–512 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sudianto, E, Song, B-K, Neik, T-X, Saldain, NE, Scott, RC, Burgos, NR (2013) Clearfield® rice: its development, success, and key challenges on a global perspective. Crop Prot 49:40–51 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sudianto, E, Song, B-K, Neik, T-X, Saldain, NE, Scott, RC, Burgos, NR (2014) Corrigendum to “Clearfield® Rice: Its Development, Success, and Key Challenges on a Global Perspective” [Crop Protection. 49 (2013) 40–51]. Crop Prot 55:142–144 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, J, Qian, Q, Ma, D-R, Xu, Z-J, Liu, D, Du, H-B, Chen, W-F (2013) Introgression and selection shaping the genome and adaptive loci of weedy rice in northern China. New Phytol 197:290–299 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tan, S, Evans, RR, Dahmer, ML, Singh, BK, Shaner, DL (2005) Imidazolinone-tolerant crops: history, current status and future. Pest Manag Sci 61:246–257 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thurber, CS, Reagon, M, Gross, BL, Olsen, KM, Jia, Y, Caicedo, AL (2010) Molecular evolution of shattering loci in U.S. weedy rice. Mol Ecol 19:3271–3284 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tseng, TM, Burgos, NR, Shivrain, VK, Alcober, EA, Mauromoustakos, A, Andersson, L (2013) Inter- and intrapopulation variation in dormancy of Oryza sativa (weedy red rice) and allelic variation in dormancy-linked loci. Weed Res 53:440–451 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaughan, DA (1994) The Wild Relatives of Rice: A Genetic Resources Handbook. Los Baños, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute. 137 pGoogle Scholar
Vaughan, DA, Morishima, H, Kadowaki, K (2003) Diversity in the Oryza genus. Curr Opin Plant Biol 6:139–146 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Veltman, MA, Flowers, JM, Andel, vTR, Eric Schranz, M (2019) Origins and geographic diversification of African rice (Oryza glaberrima). PLoS ONE 14:e0203508 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vidotto, F, Ferrero, A (2009) Interactions between weedy rice and cultivated rice in Italy. Ital J Agron 4:127–136 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vigueira, CC, Burgos, NR, Lawton-Rauh, AL, Novak, S (2018) Pink-awned weedy rice (Oryza sativa): a potential conduit for gene exchange in rice agro-ecosystems. Weed Res 58:369–378 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vigueira, CC, Li, W, Olsen, KM (2013) The role of Bh4 in parallel evolution of hull colour in domesticated and weedy rice. J Evol Biol 26:1738–1749 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vigueira, CC, Qi, X, Song, BK, Li, LF, Caicedo, AL, Jia, Y, Olsen, KM (2019) Call of the wild rice: Oryza rufipogon shapes weedy rice evolution in Southeast Asia. Evol Appl 12:93–104 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Villa, SCC, Marchezan, E, Avila, LA, Massoni, PFS, Telo, GM, Machado, SLO, Camargo, ER (2006) Arroz tolerante a imidazolinonas: controle do arroz-vermelho, fluxo gênico e efeito residual do herbicida em culturas sucessoras não-tolerantes. Planta Daninha 24:761–768 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, M, Yu, Y, Haberer, G, Marri, PR, Fan, C, Goicoechea, JL, Zuccolo, A, Song, X, Kudrna, D, Ammiraju, JSS, Cossu, RM, Maldonado, C, Chen, J, Lee, S, Sisneros, N, et al. (2014) The genome sequence of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and evidence for independent domestication. Nat Genet 46:982–988 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wedger, MJ, Pusadee, T, Wongtamee, A, Olsen, KM (2019) Discordant patterns of introgression suggest historical gene flow into Thai weedy rice from domesticated and wild relatives. J Hered 110:601–609 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xia, H-B, Wang, W, Xia, H, Zhao, W, Lu, B-R (2011) Conspecific crop-weed introgression influences evolution of weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) across a geographical range. PLoS ONE 6:e16189 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yasuda, Y (2008) Climate change and the origin and development of rice cultivation in the Yangtze river basin, China. AMBIO 37:502–506 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, J, Burgos, NR, Ma, K, Zhou, Y-j, Geng, R-m, Yu, L-q (2008) Genetic diversity and relationship of weedy rice in Taizhou city, Jiangsu province, China. Rice Sci 15:295–302 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, L, Dai, W, Wu, C, Song, X, Qiang, S (2012) Genetic diversity and origin of Japonica- and Indica-like rice biotypes of weedy rice in the Guangdong and Liaoning provinces of China. Gen Res Crop Evol 59:399–410 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, W, Linscombe, SD, Webster, E, Tan, S, Oard, J (2006) Risk assessment of the transfer of imazethapyr herbicide tolerance from Clearfield rice to red rice (Oryza sativa). Euphytica 152:75–86 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, Y, Ellstrand, NC, Lu, BR (2012) Sequence polymorphisms in wild, weedy, and cultivated rice suggest seed-shattering locus sh4 played a minor role in Asian rice domestication. Ecol Evol 2:2106–2113 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ziska, L, Gealy, DR, Burgos, NR, Caicedo, AL, Gressel, J, Lawton-Rauh, A, Avila, L, Theisen, G, Norsworthy, J, Ferrero, A, Vidotto, F, Johnson, D, Ferreira, F, Marchesan, E, Menezes, V, et al. (2015) Weedy (red) rice: an emerging constraint to global rice production. Pages 181–228 in Sparks, DL, ed. Advances in Agronomy. Volume 129. San Diego, CA: Academic Press Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Roma-Burgos et al. supplementary material

Table S1

Download Roma-Burgos et al. supplementary material(File)
File 15 KB