Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-4hhp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-14T15:42:43.537Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Arsenic Phytotoxicity and Uptake in Six Vegetable Crops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

E. A. Woolson
E. A. Woolson*
Affiliation:
Agr. Environ. Qual. Inst., Agr. Res. Center, Agr. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. of Agr., Beltsville, MD 20705
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Six vegetable crops were greenhouse-grown to maturity in three Maryland soils treated with up to 500 ppm of arsenic (As) added as sodium arsenate. Phytotoxicity of arsenic residues was highest on Lakeland loamy sand and lowest on Hagerstown silty clay loam. Correlations between available arsenic and plant dry weight indicated that crop sensitivity proceeded as follows: green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘stringless greenpod’) > lima beans (Phaseolus linensis L. ‘Fordhook 242’) spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. ‘Longstanding Bloomsdale Savoy’) > radish (Raphanus sativus L. ‘Champion’) > tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘F-7’) > cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. ‘Jersey Wakefield’). Residues in the total dry plant at the available arsenic level at which growth was reduced 50% (GR50) were highest with radish (43.8 ppm) and spinach (10.0 ppm). Residues in the dry-edible portion increased to 76.0 ppm arsenic for unpeeled, washed radish at the GR50 point. The soil at the GR50 level for radish contained about 19 ppm of available arsenic from a 50 ppm arsenate treatment to Lakeland loamy sand and a 100 ppm treatment to Hagerstown silty clay loam and to Christiana clay loam.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 21 , Issue 6 , November 1973 , pp. 524 - 527
Copyright
Copyright © 1973 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Chukhlantsev, V. G. 1956. Solubility products of a series of arsenates. Zh. Anal. Khim. 11:529–535.Google Scholar
2. Chukhlantsev, V. G. 1956. Solubility products of a series of arsenates. Zh. Neorg. Khim. 1:1975–1982.Google Scholar
3. Kardos, L. T., Vandecaveye, S. C., and Benson, N. 1941. Causes and remedies of the unproductiveness of certain soils following the removal of mature (fruit) trees. Wash. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 410. 142 pp.Google Scholar
4. Nelson, W. L., Mehlich, A., and Winters, E. 1953. The development, evaluation, and use of soil tests for phosphorous availability. Agron. J. 4:153–188.Google Scholar
5. Schwertmann, U. 1964. Differentiation of iron oxide in soils by a photochemical extraction with acid ammonium oxalate. Z. Pflanzenernahr. Dungung Bodenk. 105:194–201.Google Scholar
6. Von Endt, D. W., Kearney, P. C., and Kaufman, D. D. 1968. Degradation of monosodium methanearsonic acid by soil microorganisms. J. Agr. Food Chem. 16:17–20.Google Scholar
7. Woolson, E. A., Axley, J. H., and Kearney, P. C. 1971. Comparison of a colorimetric and a coulometric method for the determination of arsenic in a soil digest. Soil Sci. 111:158–162.Google Scholar
8. Woolson, E. A., Axley, J. H., and Kearney, P. C. 1971. Correlation between available soil arsenic, estimated by six methods, and response to corn (Zea mays L.). Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 35:101–105.Google Scholar
9. Woolson, E. A., Axley, J. H., and Kearney, P. C. 1971. The chemistry and phytotoxicity of arsenic in soils. I. Contaminated field soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 35: 938–943.Google Scholar
10. Woolson, E. A., Axley, J. H., and Kearney, P. C. 1973. The chemistry and phytotoxicity of arsenic in soils. II. Effect of time and phosphorus. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 37:254–259.Google Scholar
11. Woolson, E. A. and Kearney, P. C. 1973. Persistence and reactions of 14C-cacodylic acid in soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 7:47–50.Google Scholar
12. Yuan, T. L. 1959. Determination of exchangeable hydrogen in soils by a titration method. Soil Sci. 88:164–167.Google Scholar
13. Yuan, T. L. and Fiskell, J. G. A. 1959. Aluminum Studies: II. The extraction of aluminum from some Florida soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 23:202–205.Google Scholar