Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-6kn8j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-31T00:54:22.116Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biodegradation of Carbamothioates in Butylate-History Soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Vicki W. McCusker ,
Horace D. Skipper ,
Joseph P. Zublena  and
Dewitt T. Gooden
Vicki W. McCusker
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
Horace D. Skipper
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
Joseph P. Zublena
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
Dewitt T. Gooden
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the biodegradation of 14C-labeled butylate, cycloate, EPTC, pebulate, and vernolate in three butylate-history soils that had received three to eight applications of butylate under field conditions. After 20 days, biodegradation of butylate and EPTC was accelerated and had no lag phase in all three butylate-history soils. Butylate-adapted microorganisms were cross-adapted for EPTC and degraded EPTC as readily as butylate. Biodegradation of butylate and EPTC in Dothan soil without a butylate history exhibited a lag phase of 6 days after which 14CO2 was evolved at an exponential rate. This indicated that enhanced biodegradation was induced after one application of butylate or EPTC. Butylate-adapted microorganisms were cross-adapted for vernolate and pebulate in Dothan and pebulate in Wagram soils with a butylate history. Biodegradation of vernolate and pebulate was not enhanced in Varina butylate-history soil. After 20 days, there was no cross-adaptation for cycloate in any soil. These findings indicated that biodegradation of carbamothioates was influenced by soil type and previous carbamothioate use and that caution should be exercised in use of EPTC on fields of previous butylate use.

Keywords

Butylate, S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl)carbamothioatecycloate, S-ethyl cyclohexylethylcarbamothioateEPTC, S-ethyl dipropylcarbamothioatepebulate, S-propyl butylethylcarbamothioatevernolate, S-propyl dipropylcarbamothioateCross-adaptationEPTCvernolatepebulatecycloate

Information

Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 6 , November 1988 , pp. 818 - 823
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Literature Cited

1. Audus, L. J. 1964. The effects of soil microorganisms on herbicides. Pages 165–184 in Audus, L. J., ed. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Herbicides. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
2. Bartha, R. and Pramer, D. 1965. Features of a flask and method for measuring the persistence and biological effects of pesticides in soil. Soil Sci. 100:68–70.Google Scholar
3. Dowler, C. C., Marti, L. R., Kvien, C. S., Skipper, H. D., Gooden, D. T., and Zublena, J. P. 1987. Accelerated degradation potential of selected herbicides in the Southeastern United States. Weed Tech. 1:350–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Fang, S. C. 1975. Thiocarbamates. Pages 323–349 in Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation and Mode of Action. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. Marcel-Dekker, New York.Google Scholar
5. Fang, S. C., Theisen, T., and Freed, V. H. 1981. Effects of water evaporation, temperature, and rates of application on the retention of ethyl-N,N-di-n-propylthiolcarbamate in various soils. Weeds 9:569–574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Gooden, D. T., Murdock, E. C., Skipper, H. D., and Zublena, J. P. 1984. Weed control in soybeans and peanuts with vernolate + R-33865. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 37:327.Google Scholar
7. Gray, R. A. and Weierich, A. J. 1965. Factors affecting the vapor loss of EPTC from soils. Weeds 13:141–147.Google Scholar
8. Gray, R. A. and Joo, G. K. 1985. Reduction in weed control after repeat applications of thiocarbamate and other herbicide. Weed Sci. 33:698–702.Google Scholar
9. Guth, J. A. 1981. Experimental approaches to studying the fate of pesticides in soil. Pages 85–114 in Hutson, D. H. and Roberts, T. R., eds. Progress in Pesticide Biochemistry. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.Google Scholar
10. Harvey, R. G., McNevin, G. R., Albright, J. W., and Kozak, M. E. 1986. Wild proso millet control with thiocarbamate herbicides on previously treated soils. Weed Sci. 34:773–780.Google Scholar
11. Kearney, P. C. and Kontson, A. 1976. A simple system to simultaneously measure volatilization and metabolism of pesticides from soils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 24:424–426.Google Scholar
12. Kirkland, K. and Fryer, J. D. 1972. Degradation of several herbicides in a soil previously treated with MCPA. Weed Res. 12:90–95.Google Scholar
13. Lee, A. 1984. EPTC (S-ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate) degrading microorganisms isolated from a soil previously exposed to EPTC. Soil Biol. Biochem. 16:529–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Menkveld, B. and Dekker, J. H. 1983. Accelerated breakdown of butylate in soils with a history of its use. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 38:46.Google Scholar
15. Obrigawitch, T., Martin, A. R., and Roeth, F. W. 1983. Degradation of thiocarbamate herbicides in soils exhibiting rapid EPTC breakdown. Weed Sci. 21:187–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Obrigawitch, T., Roeth, F. W., Martin, A. R., and Wilson, R. G. Jr. 1982. Addition of R-33865 to EPTC for extended herbicide activity. Weed Sci. 30:417–422.Google Scholar
17. Obrigawitch, T., Wilson, R. G., Martin, A. R., and Roeth, F. W. 1982. The influence of temperature, moisture, and prior EPTC application on the degradation of EPTC in soils. Weed Sci. 30:175–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Rahman, A., Atkinson, B. C., Douglas, J. A., and Sinclair, D. P. 1979. Eradicane causes problems. N.Z. J. Agric. 139:47–49.Google Scholar
19. Rahman, A. and James, T. K. 1983. Decreased activity of EPTC + R-25788 following repeated use in some New Zealand soils. Weed Sci. 31:783–789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Reynolds, D. A. and Dexter, A. G. 1984. Thiocarbamate conditioning in North Dakota. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 39:83–84.Google Scholar
21. Rudyanski, W. J., Fawcett, R. S., and McAllister, R. S. 1987. Effect of prior pesticide use on thiocarbamate herbicide persistence and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) control Weed Sci. 35:68–74.Google Scholar
22. Skipper, H. D., Murdock, E. C., Gooden, D. T., Zublena, J. P., and Amakiri, M. A. 1986. Enhanced herbicide biodegradation in South Carolina soils previously treated with butylate. Weed Sci. 34:558–563.Google Scholar
23. Tuxhorn, G. L., Roeth, F. W., Martin, A. R., and Wilson, R. G. 1986. Butylate persistence and activity in soils previously treated with thiocarbamates. Weed Sci. 34:961–965.Google Scholar
24. Varn, J. E. Jr., Gooden, D. T., Skipper, H. D., and Zublena, J. P. 1986. Evaluation of vernolate with herbicide extenders in peanuts. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 39:48.Google Scholar
25. Weed Science Society of America. 1983. Herbicide Handbook. 5th ed. Weed Sci. Soc. Am., Champaign, IL. 515 pp.Google Scholar
26. Wilson, R. G. 1984. Accelerated degradation of thiocarbamate herbicides in soil with prior thiocarbamate herbicide exposure. Weed Sci. 32:264–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27. Zublena, J. P., Skipper, H. D., Gooden, D. T., and Camors, F. B. 1986. Microbial inhibitors in a butylate soil challenge. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 26:95.Google Scholar