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Conditions Influencing Turbinella Oak (Quercus turbinella) Mortality from Picloram or Picloram and 2,4-D

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Thomas N. Johnsen Jr.
Thomas N. Johnsen Jr.*
Affiliation:
Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., 2000 E. Allen Rd., Tucson, AZ 85719
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Abstract

Turbinella oak was sprayed with picloram-containing herbicides on 90 dates throughout 81 months. A mixture of triisopropanolamine salts of picloram and 2,4-D was compared to the potassium salt of picloram on 44 dates, and to a mixture of isooctyl ester of picloram and propylene glycol butyl ether esters of 2,4-D on 42 dates. Low rates of herbicide treatments were used to increase the sensitivity to environmental factors and plant growth stages. Turbinella oak mortality was greater with the mixture of picloram and 2,4-D amines than with picloram alone or the mixture of picloram and 2,4-D esters. The mixture of picloram and 2,4-D esters did not kill any plants. The combination of available soil moisture at the 60-cm depth, no senescent or falling leaves, and full-sized leaves was the best indicator of when to apply picloram or the mixture of picloram and 2,4-D amines. No turbinella oak were killed when soil at the 60-cm depth was dry or leaves were falling at the time of treatment.

Keywords

Picloram, 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidturbinella oak, Quercus turbinella Green # QUETBHerbicide translocationsoil water contentplant growth
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 6 , November 1988 , pp. 810 - 817
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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