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Effect of moisture stress and glyphosate on adventitious shoot growth of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Thomas J. Tworkoski ,
Michael E. Engle  and
Peter T. Kujawski
Thomas J. Tworkoski*
Affiliation:
Appalachian Fruit Research Station, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV 25430
Michael E. Engle
Affiliation:
Foreign Disease—Weed Science Research, USDA-Frederick, MD 21701
Peter T. Kujawski
Affiliation:
Foreign Disease—Weed Science Research, USDA-Frederick, MD 21701
*
Corresponding author. TWORKOSK@ASRR.ARSUSDA.GOV
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Abstract

The effect of reduced water availability on glyphosate efficacy and adventitious shoot growth in male and female clones of Canada thistle was studied. Water availability was regulated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) in hydroponically grown plants or by withholding water from soil-grown plants. In hydroponic media, there was 50% more adventitious shoot growth from male plants than from female plants. Both PEG and foliarly applied glyphosate reduced the number of adventitious shoots, regardless of gender. In soil, the same number of adventitious shoots formed on untreated male and female plants. However, when glyphosate was applied to plants growing under dry conditions, there was 75% more adventitious shoot growth from males than females. Distribution of glyphosate was similar in male and female plants. Approximately 23% of applied 14C-glyphosate was transported throughout Canada thistle plants within 10 d of treatment regardless of gender or moisture condition. Gender differences in capacity for vegetative reproduction may alter the sex ratio of Canada thistle populations in the field following glyphosate application.

Keywords

Glyphosate, Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] CIRARMale and female clonespolyethylene glycol (PEG)perennial weedregrowthtranslocationCIRAR
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 1 , February 1998 , pp. 59 - 64
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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