Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-dnltx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T06:28:19.628Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Emergence Dynamics of Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Populations from the U.S. Great Plains: A Multi-Site-Year Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2017

Vipan Kumar ,
Prashant Jha ,
J. Anita Dille  and
Phillip W. Stahlman
Vipan Kumar
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate and Associate Professor, Montana State University–Bozeman, Southern Agricultural Research Center, Huntley, MT 59037
Prashant Jha*
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate and Associate Professor, Montana State University–Bozeman, Southern Agricultural Research Center, Huntley, MT 59037
J. Anita Dille
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
Phillip W. Stahlman
Affiliation:
Professor, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center, Hays, KS 67601
*
*Corresponding author’s E-mail: pjha@montana.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Evolution of kochia biotypes resistant to multiple herbicide sites of action is an increasing concern for growers across the U.S. Great Plains. This necessitates the development of integrated strategies for kochia control in this region based on improved forecasting of periodicity and patterns of kochia emergence in the field. Field experiments were conducted near Huntley, MT, in 2013 and 2014, and in Manhattan and Hays, KS, in 2013 to characterize the timing and pattern of emergence of several kochia populations collected from the U.S. Great Plains’ states. The more rapid accumulation of growing degree days (GDD) resulted in a shorter emergence duration (E90–E10) in 2014 compared with 2013 in Montana. Kochia populations exhibited an extended emergence period (early April through mid-July). Among all kochia populations, in 2013, Kansas-Garden City (KS-GC), Kansas-Manhattan (KS-MN), Oklahoma (OK), and Montana (MT) populations began to emerge earlier, with a minimum of 151 cumulative GDD to achieve 10% cumulative emergence (E10 values) in Montana. The New Mexico-Los Lunas (NM-LL) population exhibited a delayed onset but a rapid emergence rate, while the North Dakota (ND) and Kansas-Colby (KS-CB) populations emerged over a longer duration (E90–E10 of 556 and 547 GDD, respectively) in 2013 in Montana. In 2013 at the two locations in Kansas, kochia populations exhibited a similar emergence pattern, with no differences in the time to initiate germination (E10), rate of emergence (parameter b), or duration of emergence (E90–E10). At Hays, KS, the GDD for E50 and E90 were less for ND compared with KS-MN and KS-GC local populations. In 2014 the KS-MN kochia population exhibited an early (ED10 value of 215 GDD) but a more gradual emergence pattern (E90–E10=526 GDD) in Montana. In contrast, OK and New Mexico-Las Cruces (NM-LC) populations had an early and a more rapid emergence pattern (E90–E10=153 and 154 GDD, respectively). Kochia in Montana exhibited two to four emergence peaks. This differential emergence pattern of kochia populations reflects the occurrence of different emergence “biotypes” and emphasizes the need to adopt more location-specific and diversified weed control tactics to manage kochia seedbanks.

Keywords

KochiaKochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.Emergence patternemergence periodicitygrowing degree daysintegrated weed managementweed seedbank
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 66 , Issue 1 , January 2018 , pp. 25 - 35
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Sharon Clay, South Dakota State University

References

Literature Cited

Al-Ahmadi, MJ, Kafi, M (2007) Cardinal temperatures for germination of Kochia scoparia (L.). J Arid Environ 68:308–314 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, RL, Nielsen, DC (1996) Emergence pattern of five weeds in the central Great Plains. Weed Technol 10:744–749 Google Scholar
Baker, DV, Beck, KG, Bienkiewicz, BJ, Bjostad, LB (2008) Forces necessary to initiate dispersal for three tumbleweeds. Inv Plant Sci Manag 1:59–65 Google Scholar
Becker, DA (1978) Stem abscission in tumbleweeds of the Chenopodiaceae: kochia. Am J Bot 65:375–383 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckie, H, Blackshaw, R, Hall, L, Johnson, E (2016) Pollen- and seed-mediated gene flow in kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Sci 64:624–633 Google Scholar
Buhler, DD, Hartzler, RG, Forcella, F (1998) Weed seedbank dynamics: implications to weed management. J Crop Prod 1:145–168 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clay, SA, Davis, A, Dille, A, Lindquist, J, Ramirez, AHM, Sprague, C, Reicks, G, Forcella, F (2014) Common sunflower seedling emergence across the U.S. Midwest. Weed Sci 62:63–70 Google Scholar
Davis, AS, Clay, S, Cardina, J, Dille, A, Forcella, F, Lindquist, J, Sprague, C (2013) Seed burial physical environment explains departures from regional hydrothermal model of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) seedling emergence in U.S. Midwest. Weed Sci 61:415–421 Google Scholar
Dille, JA, Stahlman, PW, Du, J, Geier, PW, Riffel, JD, Currie, RS, Wilson, RG, Sbatella, GM, Westra, P, Kniss, AR, Moechnig, MJ, Cole, RM (2017) Kochia emergence profiles across the central Great Plains. Weed Sci 65. doi: 10.1017/wsc.2017.18 Google Scholar
Dyer, WE, Chee, PW, Fay, PK (1993) Rapid germination of sulfonylurea-resistant Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. accession is associated with elevated seed levels of branched chain amino acids. Weed Sci 41:18–22 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberlein, CV, Fore, ZQ (1984) Kochia biology. Weeds Today 15:5–7 Google Scholar
Everitt, J, Alaniz, M, Lee, J (1983) Seed germination characteristics of Kochia scoparia . J Range Manag 36:646–648 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evetts, LL, Burnside, OC (1972) Germination and seedling development of common milkweed and other species. Weed Sci 20:371–378 Google Scholar
Friesen, LF, Beckie, HJ, Warwick, SI, Van Acker, RC (2009) The biology of Canadian weeds. 138. Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. Can J Plant Sci 89:141–167 Google Scholar
Gundel, PE, Martinez-Ghersa, MA, Ghersa, CM (2008) Dormancy, germination and ageing of Lolium multiflorum seeds following contrasting herbicide selection regimes. Eur J Agron 28:606–613 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heap, I (2017). The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. http://www.weedscience.org. Accessed: February 10, 2017 Google Scholar
Holá, D, Kocova, M, Rothová, O, Chodová, D, Mikulka, J (2004) The effect of low growth temperature on Hill reaction and photosystem 1 activities in three biotypes of Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. with different sensitivity to atrazine and ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Plant Soil Environ 50:10–17 Google Scholar
Islam, KI, Khan, A, Islam, T (2015) Correlation between atmospheric temperature and soil temperature: a case study for Dhaka, Bangladesh. Atmos Climate Sci 5:200–208 Google Scholar
Jha, P, Kumar, V, Lim, CA (2015) Variable response of kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] to auxinic herbicides dicamba and fluroxypyr in Montana. Can J Plant Sci 95:965–972 Google Scholar
Jha, P, Norsworthy, JK (2009) Soybean canopy and tillage effects on emergence of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) from a natural seedbank. Weed Sci 57:644–651 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, WC III, Mullinix, BJ Jr (1995) Weed management in peanut using stale seedbed techniques. Weed Sci 43:293–297 Google Scholar
Kocacinar, F, Sage, R (2003) Photosynthetic pathway alters xylem structure and hydraulic function in herbaceous plants. Plant Cell Environ 26:2015–2026 Google Scholar
Knezevic, SZ, Streibig, JC, Ritz, C (2007) Utilizing R software package for dose–response studies: the concept and data analysis. Weed Technol 21:840–848 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, V, Jha, P (2015a) Effective preemergence and postemergence herbicide programs for kochia control. Weed Technol 29:24–34 Google Scholar
Kumar, V, Jha, P (2015b) Influence of glyphosate timing on Kochia scoparia demographics in glyphosate-resistant sugar beet. Crop Prot 76:39–45 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, V, Jha, P (2015c) Influence of herbicides applied postharvest in wheat stubble on control, fecundity, and progeny fitness of Kochia scoparia in the US Great Plains. Crop Prot 71:144–149 Google Scholar
Kumar, V, Jha, P (2016) Differences in germination, growth, and fecundity characteristics of dicamba-fluroxypyr-resistant and susceptible Kochia scoparia . PLoS ONE 11:e0161533 Google Scholar
Kumar, V, Jha, P, Giacomini, D, Westra, E, Westra, P (2015) Molecular basis of evolved resistance to glyphosate and acetolactate synthase-inhibitor herbicides in kochia (Kochia scoparia) accessions from Montana. Weed Sci 63:758–769 Google Scholar
McMaster, G, Wilhelm, W (1997) Growing degree-days: one equation, two interpretations. Agric For Meteorol 87:291–300 Google Scholar
Mengistu, LW, Messersmith, CG (2002) Genetic diversity of kochia. Weed Sci 50:498–503 Google Scholar
Montgomery, DC, Runger, GC, Hubele, NF (2001) Engineering Statistics. 2nd edn. New York: Wiley. Pp 448–480 Google Scholar
Mortimer, AM (1997) Phenological adaptation in weeds—an evolutionary response to the use of herbicides? Pestic Sci 51:299–304 3.0.CO;2-I>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mulugeta, D (1991). Management, inheritance, and gene flow of resistance to chlorsulfuron in Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. MS thesis. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University. 134 pGoogle Scholar
Myers, MM, Curran, WS, VanGessel, MJ, Calvin, DD, Mortensen, DA, Majek, BA, Karsten, HD, Roth, GW (2004) Predicting weed seedling emergence for eight annual species in the northeastern United States. Weed Sci 52:913–919 Google Scholar
Nazarko, OM, Van Acker, RC, Entz, MH (2005) Strategies and tactics for herbicide use reduction in field crops in Canada: a review. Can J Plant Sci 85:457–479 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Oliveira, MJ (2007) Tillage and soybean canopy effects on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) emergence. Weed Sci 55:474–480 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nussbaum, E, Wiese, A, Crutchfield, D, Chenault, E, Lavake, D (1985) The effect of temperature and rainfall on emergence and growth of eight weeds. Weed Sci 33:165–170 Google Scholar
Owen, MJ, Michael, PJ, Renton, M, Steadman, KJ, Powles, SB (2010a) Towards large‐scale prediction of Lolium rigidum emergence. I. Can climate be used to predict dormancy parameters? Weed Res 51:123–132 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owen, MJ, Michael, PJ, Renton, M, Steadman, KJ, Powles, SB (2010b) Towards large‐scale prediction of Lolium rigidum emergence. II. Correlation between dormancy and herbicide resistance levels suggests an impact of cropping systems. Weed Res 51:133–141 Google Scholar
Petrosino, JS, Dille, JA, Holman, JD, Roozeboom, KL (2015) Kochia suppression with cover crops in southwestern Kansas. Crop Forage Turfgrass Manage 1. doi: 10.2134/cftm2014.0078 Google Scholar
Ritz, C, Spiess, AN (2008) qpcR: an R package for sigmoidal model selection in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Bioinformatics 24:1549–1551 Google Scholar
Ritz, C, Streibig, JC (2005) Bioassay analysis using R. J Stat Softw12:1–22 Google Scholar
Sbatella, GM, Wilson, RG (2010) Isoxaflutole shifts kochia (Kochia scoparia) populations in continuous corn. Weed Technol 24:392–396 Google Scholar
Schutte, BJ, Regnier, EE, Harrison, SK, Schmoll, JT, Spokas, K, Forcella, F (2008) A hydrothermal seedling emergence model for giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida). Weed Sci 56:555–560 Google Scholar
Schwinghamer, TD, Van Acker, RC (2008) Emergence timing and persistence of kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Sci 56:37–41 Google Scholar
Seefeldt, SS, Jensen, JE, Fuerst, EP (1995) Log-logistic analysis of herbicide dose–response relationships. Weed Technol 9:218–227 Google Scholar
Shaw, D (1996) Development of stale seedbed weed control programs for Southern row crops. Weed Sci 44:413–416 Google Scholar
Varanasi, VK, Godar, AS, Currie, RS, Dille, JA, Thompson, CR, Stahlman, PW, Jugulam, M (2015) Field-evolved resistance to four modes of action of herbicides in a single kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) population. Pest Manag Sci 71:1207–1212 Google Scholar
Weatherspoon, DM, Schweizer, EE (1969) Competition between kochia and sugarbeets. Weed Sci 17:464–467 Google Scholar
Zorner, PS, Zimdahl, RL, Schweizer, EE (1984) Effect of depth and duration of seed burial on kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Sci 32:602–607 Google Scholar