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Factors Affecting Egyptian Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) Control in Carrot

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Amnon Cochavi ,
Baruch Rubin ,
Evgeny Smirnov ,
Guy Achdari  and
Hanan Eizenberg
Amnon Cochavi
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
Baruch Rubin
Affiliation:
R. H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Evgeny Smirnov
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
Guy Achdari
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
Hanan Eizenberg*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: Eizenber@volcani.agri.gov.il
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Abstract

Carrot is a high-value cash crop that is grown in Israel throughout the year. Egyptian broomrape is a chlorophyll-lacking, obligate, root holoparasite that parasitizes members of many botanical families, including the Apiaceae. At high infestation levels, Egyptian broomrape can cause total yield loss in carrot. A protocol has been developed for the control of Egyptian broomrape in carrot. Because carrots are grown in Israel under fall, winter, and spring conditions, information about the relations between the efficacy of control and temperature is important. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the response of carrot and Egyptian broomrape to herbicides at different phenological stages under varying temperature regimes. This study was conducted under temperature-controlled conditions in a multiclimate greenhouse and in a net house. Applications of the imidazolinone herbicides imazapic and imazamox (each applied at 4.8 g ai ha−1) injured carrot plants and reduced yield and yield quality. Glyphosate effectively controlled Egyptian broomrape and did not negatively affect the carrot plants when applied three times at ≤ 108 g ae ha−1. High temperatures increased the carrot plants’ sensitivity to glyphosate. This study found that three applications of glyphosate at 108 g ae ha−1 can prevent Egyptian broomrape damage without causing any damage to the carrot crop. Our results indicate that weather conditions can affect herbicide phytotoxicity in carrot. The highest temperature at the time of herbicide application corresponded to the strongest observed phytotoxic effect. To summarize, effective Egyptian broomrape control can be achieved by three sequential foliar applications of glyphosate (108 g ae ha−1), beginning during the early parasitism stage (i.e., small tubercles). Moreover, applying glyphosate on carrot at high temperature (i.e., 28/22 C day/night temperatures) can injure carrot plants and reduce control efficacy.

Keywords

GlyphosateimazamoximazapicEgyptian broomrape, Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. ORAAEcarrot, Daucus carota L. var. sativus HoffmHerbicide selectivityimidazolinoneparasitic weedsPhelipanche aegyptiaca
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 321 - 330
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: John L. Lindquist, University of Nebraska.

References

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