Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T21:07:21.948Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors affecting germination and seed production of Eriochloa villosa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Iliya A. Bello ,
Harlene Hatterman-Valenti  and
Micheal D. K. Owen
Iliya A. Bello
Affiliation:
Department Crop Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Harlene Hatterman-Valenti
Affiliation:
4517 Quail Run Ave., Sioux Falls, SD 57105
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Laboratory and field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of light, temperature, oxygen, and seed burial depth on seed germination and seed production of Eriochloa villosa without the interference of a crop. Eriochloa villosa seed germination did not respond to light, although it is possible that experimental conditions were not appropriate for this response to develop. Seeds germinated above 10 C and below 45 C, with germination above 85% occurring for temperatures between 20 and 40 C. Seed germination rate and total germination increased as the oxygen concentration increased to the ambient level. Eriochloa villosa seed emerged from 15 cm deep, with maximum emergence from 1 to 4 cm. In the field, emergence was dependent on tillage that affected the vertical distribution of seeds in the soil. Seeds emerged in the reduced-tillage field from between 0.5 and 9 cm deep in soil, with maximum emergence from 2 cm. A delay in planting greatly reduced the growth and seed production of E. villosa. Seed production under noncompetitive conditions was reduced by at least 75% when planting was delayed 6 to 8 wk. However, plants that emerged after July 7 still produced approximately 3,000 seeds when grown under conditions without intraspecific and interspecific competition.

Keywords

Woolly cupgrassEriochloa villosa [Thunb.] KunthLightoxygenseed burialseed germinationtemperature
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 48 , Issue 6 , December 2000 , pp. 749 - 754
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Alm, D. M., Stoller, E. W., and Wax, L. M. 1993. An index model for predicting seed germination and emergence rates. Weed Technol. 7:560–569.Google Scholar
Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C. C. 1989. Physiology of dormancy and germination in relation to seed bank ecology. Pages 53–56 In Leck, M. A., Parker, V. T., and Simpson, R. L., eds. Ecology of Soil Seed Banks. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bello, I. A., Hatterman-Valenti, H., and Owen, M.D.K. 1998. Effects of stratification, temperature, and oxygen on woolly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa) seed dormancy. Weed Sci. 46:526–529.Google Scholar
Breitenbach, F. R. and Hoverstad, T. R. 1996. Woolly cupgrass management in corn. Proc. N. Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. 51:5.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Mester, T. C. 1991. Effect of tillage systems on the emergence depth of giant (Setaria faberi) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis). Weed Sci. 39:200–203.Google Scholar
Burnside, O. C. 1965. Seed and phenological studies with shattercane. Nebr. Agric. Exp. Stn. Res. Bull. 22:1–37.Google Scholar
Chepil, W. S. 1946. Germination of weed seeds. I. Longevity, periodicity of germination and vitality of seeds in cultivated soil. Sci. Agric. 26:307–346.Google Scholar
Dawson, J. H. and Bruns, V. F. 1962. Emergence of barnyardgrass, green foxtail, and yellow foxtail seedlings from various soil depths. Weeds 10:136–139.Google Scholar
Deneke, D. 1998. Darrells featured pest: woolly cupgrass. S. D. St. Univ. Ext. Serv. Field Facts 12:3.Google Scholar
Egley, G. H. and Duke, S. O. 1985. Physiology of weed seed dormancy and germination. Pages 27–64 In Duke, S. O., ed. Weed Physiology. Volume 1. Reproduction and Ecophysiology. Boca Raton: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Fausey, J. C. and Renner, K. A. 1997. Germination, emergence, and growth of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) . 1997. Weed Sci. 45:423–425.Google Scholar
Fawcett, J. A. and Kassel, P. C. 1996. Woolly cupgrass management with herbicide tolerant corn. Proc. N. Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. 51:81.Google Scholar
Forcella, F. 1993. Seedling emergence model for velvetleaf. Agron. J. 85:929–933.Google Scholar
Gallagher, R. S. and Cardina, J. 1998. Phytochrome-mediated Amaranthus germination I: effect of seed burial and germination temperature. Weed Sci. 46:48–52.Google Scholar
Hartzler, R. G., Buhler, D. D., and Stoltenberg, D. E. 1999. Emergence characteristics of four annual weed species. Weed Sci. 47:578–584.Google Scholar
Hatterman-Valenti, H., Bello, I. A., and Owen, M.D.K. 1996. Physiological basis of seed dormancy in woolly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa [Thunb.] Kunth). Weed Sci. 44:87–90.Google Scholar
Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the Grasses of the United States. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Pub. No. 200, p. 592.Google Scholar
Kennedy, R. A., Rumpho, M. E., and Fox, T. E. 1992. Anaerobic metabolism in plants. Plant Physiol. 100:1–6.Google Scholar
Knake, E. L. 1990. Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberii Herrm.) Bull. 803. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 22 p.Google Scholar
Maun, M. A. and Barrett, S.C.H. 1986. The biology of Canadian weeds. 77. Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. Can. J. Plant Sci. 66:739–759.Google Scholar
McWhorter, C. G. 1972. Factors affecting johnsongrass rhizome production and germination. Weed Sci. 20:41–45.Google Scholar
Mickelson, J. A. and Harvey, R. G. 1996. Wild-proso millet and woolly cupgrass management systems utilizing nicosulfuron and sethoxydim. Proc. N. Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. 51:74.Google Scholar
Mickelson, J. A. and Harvey, R. G. 1999. Relating Eriochloa villosa emergence to interference in Zea mays . Weed Sci. 47:571–577.Google Scholar
Moore, M. J., Gillespie, T. J., and Swanton, C. J. 1994. Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 42:568–573.Google Scholar
Oliver, L. R. 1979. Influence of soybean (Glycine max) planting date on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) competition. Weed Sci. 27:183–188.Google Scholar
Owen, M.D.K., Hartzler, R. G., and Lux, J. 1993. Woolly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa) control in corn (Zea mays) with chloroacetamide herbicides. Weed Technol. 7:925–929.Google Scholar
Pareja, M. R., Staniforth, D. W., and Pareja, G. P. 1985. Distribution of weed seed among soil structure units. Weed Sci. 33:182–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pecinovsky, K. T. 1994. Woolly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa [Thunb.] Kiunth.) and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi L. Herrm) competition and herbicide tolerance. . Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 168 p.Google Scholar
Rabaey, T. L. and Harvey, R. G. 1997. Sequential applications control woolly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa) and wild proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) in corn (Zea mays) . Weed Technol. 11:537–542.Google Scholar
Rabaey, T. L., Harvey, R. G., and Albright, J. W. 1996. Herbicide timing and combination strategies for woolly cupgrass control in corn. J. Prod. Agric. 9:381–384.Google Scholar
Schreiber, M. M. 1965. Effect of date of planting and stage of cutting on seed production of giant foxtail. Weeds 13:60–62.Google Scholar
Schuh, J. F. and Harvey, R. G. 1989. Woolly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa) control in corn (Zea mays) with pendimethalin/triazine combinations and cultivation. Weed Sci. 37:405–411.Google Scholar
Strand, O. E. and Miller, G. R. 1980. Woolly cupgrass—a new weed threat in the Midwest. Weeds Today 16.Google Scholar
Taylorson, R. B. 1970. Changes in dormancy and viability of weed seeds in soil. Weed Sci. 18:265–269.Google Scholar
Taylorson, R. B. 1972. Phytochrome controlled changes in dormancy and germination of buried weed seeds. Weed Sci. 20:417–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Totterdell, S. and Roberts, E. H. 1979. Effect of low temperatures on the loss of dormancy and the development of induced dormancy in seeds of Rumex obtusifolius and Rumex crispus L. Plant Cell Environ. 2:131–137.Google Scholar
Yenish, J. P., Doll, J. D., and Buhler, D. D. 1992. Effects of tillage on vertical distribution and viability of weed seed in soil. Weed Sci. 40:429–433.Google Scholar