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Factors Affecting Silverleaf Nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) Germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Rex Stanton ,
Hanwen Wu  and
Deirdre Lemerle
Rex Stanton*
Affiliation:
EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (an alliance between Charles Sturt University and New South Wales Department of Primary Industries), School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
Hanwen Wu
Affiliation:
EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, PMB, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
Deirdre Lemerle
Affiliation:
EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (an alliance between Charles Sturt University and New South Wales Department of Primary Industries), School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rstanton@csu.edu.au
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Abstract

Silverleaf nightshade is a widespread, deep-rooted, summer-growing perennialthat significantly reduces production in Australian crop and pasturesystems. It has an extensive root system, which competes both directly andindirectly with summer and winter pastures and crops through depletion ofsoil moisture and nutrients. Long-distance dispersal of seeds is animportant mechanism for its spread and management. A range of experimentswas conducted to determine the factors influencing seed production andseedbank dynamics. Seed production ranged from 1,814 to 2,945m−2. Diurnally fluctuating temperatures of 25/15 C provided theoptimal thermal conditions for germination, with germination not affected bylight. Osmotic stress reduced germination, with no germination occurring at−1MPa. Germination was reduced to 5% at 160 mM NaCl, suggesting some saltsensitivity. Germination occurred over a pH range of 4 to 10, but declinedwith increasing acidity. Viability of buried seed declined to around 20%after 3 yr, with seed buried at 10 cm remaining the most viable. Theprolonged seed persistence in the soil indicates a long-term control programis necessary for depleting the soil seedbank.

Keywords

Silverleaf nightshade, Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.SOLELSeedbankburialosmotic stresstemperaturesalinitypH

Information

Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 42 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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