Hostname: page-component-cb9f654ff-9knnw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-08-03T11:08:04.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Increased Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus)Tuber Sprouting with Diurnally Fluctuating Temperatures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Rebekah D. Wallace ,
Timothy L. Grey ,
Theodore M. Webster  and
William K. Vencill
Rebekah D. Wallace
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton Campus, PO Box 748, Tifton, GA 31794
Timothy L. Grey*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton Campus, PO Box 748, Tifton, GA 31794
Theodore M. Webster
Affiliation:
Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA 31794
William K. Vencill
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: tgrey@uga.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Purple nutsedge is among the most troublesome weeds of vegetables in theSoutheast US and a substantial impediment in the search for methyl bromidealternatives. Greater understanding of the environmental cues that regulatetuber sprouting may assist in improved nutsedge management. Experiments wereconducted to evaluate the effect of diurnal temperature variation onsprouting of purple nutsedge tubers. Two temperature regimes were evaluated:the first averaged 28 C, with daily fluctuations ranging from 0 to 19.5 C;the second temperature regime averaged 16 C, with daily fluctuations rangingfrom 0 to 18.5 C. When average temperature was 28 C, cumulative tubersprouting ranged from 88 to 92%, with no detectable differences amongdiurnal fluctuations. The high average temperature in the first study mayhave negated any type of enforced sprouting suppression. However, whenaverage temperature was lowered to 16 C (simulating early spring diurnalfluctuations under polyethylene mulch), there was a positive linearcorrelation between maximum tuber sprouting and temperature variation. Withan average temperature of 16 C, the absence of temperature variationresulted in 52% purple nutsedge sprouting, while 87% sprouting occurred whendaily temperature varied 18.5 C at the same average temperature. The use ofvarious types of mulching material can affect average soil temperatures anddiurnal variations, potentially shifting nutsedge emergence. Further studiesare needed to determine if these data on tuber sprouting in response toalternating temperatures can facilitate more efficient weed management.

Keywords

Purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. CYPROAlternating temperaturesgerminationvegetative propagule

Information

Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 1 , March 2013 , pp. 126 - 130
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Literature Cited

Cardina, J. and Hook, J. E. 1989. Factors influencing germination and emergence of Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum). Weed Technol. 3: 402–407.Google Scholar
Chase, C. A., Sinclair, T. R., Shilling, D. G., Gilreath, J. P., and Locascio, S. J. 1998. Light effects on rhizome morphogenesis in nutsedges (Cyperus spp): implications for control by soil solarization. Weed Sci. 46: 575–580.Google Scholar
Chen, Y. W. and Nelson, R. L. 2006. Variation in early plant height in wild soybean. Crop Sci. 46: 865–869.Google Scholar
Csinos, A. S., Webster, T. M., Sumner, D. R., Johnson, A. W., Dowler, C. C., and Seebold, K. W. 2002. Application and crop safety parameters for soil fumigants. Crop Prot. 21: 973–982.Google Scholar
Culpepper, A. S., Grey, T. L., and Webster, T. M. 2009. Vegetable response to herbicides applied to low-density polyethylene mulch prior to transplant. Weed Technol. 23: 444–449.Google Scholar
Dowler, C. C. 1999. Weed survey — southern states: horticultural, pasture, recreational, and industrial subsection. Pages 280–318 in Reynolds, D. B., ed. Greensboro, NC: Proceedings of the Southern Weed Science Society.Google Scholar
Ghersa, C. M., Arnold, R. L. B., and Martinezghersa, M. A. 1992. The role of fluctuating temperatures in germination and establishment of Sorghum halepense — regulation of germination at increasing depths. Funct. Ecol. 6: 460–468.Google Scholar
Gilreath, J. P. and Santos, B. M. 2005. Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) control with fumigant and pebulate combinations in tomato. Weed Technol. 19: 575–579.Google Scholar
Grey, T. L., Beasley, J. P., Webster, T. M., and Chen, C. Y. 2011. Peanut seed vigor evaluation using a thermal gradient. Int. J. Agron. DOI:10.1155/2011/202341, Article ID 202341, 7 p.Google Scholar
Grey, T. L., Vencill, W. K., Mantripagada, N., and Culpepper, A. S. 2007. Residual herbicide dissipation from soil covered with low-density polyethylene mulch or left bare. Weed Sci. 55: 638–643.Google Scholar
Grey, T. L., Vencill, W. K., Webster, T. M., and Culpepper, A. S. 2009. Herbicide dissipation from low density polyethylene mulch. Weed Sci. 57: 351–356.Google Scholar
Holt, J. S. and Orcutt, D. R. 1996. Temperature thresholds for bud sprouting in perennial weeds and seed germination in cotton. Weed Sci. 44: 523–533.Google Scholar
Hoogenboom, G. 2011. Georgia automated environmental monitoring network. Univ. GA, Griffin. http://www.griffin.uga.edu/bae/. Accessed: August 4, 2011.Google Scholar
Johnson, W. C. III, Davis, R. F., and Mullinix, B. G. Jr. 2007. An integrated system of summer solarization and fallow tillage for Cyperus esculentus and nematode management in the southeastern coastal plain. Crop Prot. 26: 1660–1666.Google Scholar
Justice, O. L. and Whitehead, M. D. 1946. Seed production, viability, and dormancy in the nutgrasses Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus . J. Agric. Res. 73: 303–318.Google Scholar
Kawabata, O. and Nishimoto, R. K. 2003. Temperature and rhizome chain effect on sprouting of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) ecotypes. Weed Sci. 51: 348–355.Google Scholar
Miles, J. E., Nishimoto, R. K., and Kawabata, O. 1996. Diurnally alternating temperatures stimulate sprouting of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tubers. Weed Sci. 44: 122–125.Google Scholar
Morinaga, T. I. 1926. Effect of alternating temperatures upon the germination of seeds. Am. J. Bot. 13: 141–158.Google Scholar
Muzik, T. J. and Cruzado, H. J. 1953. The effect of 2,4-D on sprout formation in Cyperus rotundus . Am. J. Bot. 40: 507–512.Google Scholar
Negbi, M. 1992. A sweetmeat plant, a perfume plant and their weedy relatives — a chapter in the history of Cyperus esculentus L. and C. rotundus L. Econ. Bot. 46: 64–71.Google Scholar
Patterson, D. T. 1998. Suppression of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) with polyethylene film mulch. Weed Technol. 12: 275–280.Google Scholar
Santos, B. M., Bewick, T. A., Stall, W. M., and Shilling, D. G. 1997. Competitive interactions of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and nutsedges (Cyperus spp). Weed Sci. 45: 229–233.Google Scholar
Schneider, S. M., Rosskopf, E. N., Leesch, J. G., Chellemi, D. O., Bull, C. T., and Mazzola, M. 2003. United States Department of Agriculture — Agricultural Research Service research on alternatives to methyl bromide: pre-plant and post-harvest. Pest Manag. Sci. 59: 814–826.Google Scholar
Smith, E. V. and Fick, G. L. 1937. Nutgrass eradication studies I. Relation of the life history of nutgrass, Cyperus rotundus L., to possible methods of control. Agron. J. 29: 1007–1013.Google Scholar
Thompson, K. and Grime, J. P. 1983. A comparative study of germination responses to diurnally fluctuating temperatures. J. Appl. Ecol. 20: 141–156.Google Scholar
Thompson, K., Grime, J. P., and Mason, G. 1977. Seed germination in response to diurnal fluctuations in temperature. Nature. 267: 147–149.Google Scholar
Travlos, I. S., Economou, G., Kotoulas, V. E., Kanatas, P. J., Kontogeorgos, A. N., and Karamanos, A. I. 2009. Potential effects of diurnally alternating temperatures and solarization on purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tuber sprouting. J. Arid. Environ. 73: 22–25.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2003. High temperatures and durations of exposure reduce nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) tuber viability. Weed Sci. 51: 1010–1015.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2005. Patch expansion of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) with and without polyethylene mulch. Weed Sci. 53: 839–845.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2010. Weed survey — southern states, vegetable, fruit and nut crops subsection. Webster, T. M., ed. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc.; 2010; Little Rock, AR. Pp. 246–257.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. and Cardina, J. 1999. Apocynum cannabinum seed germination and vegetative shoot emergence. Weed Sci. 47: 524–528.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M., Csinos, A. S., Johnson, A. W., Dowler, C. C., Sumner, D. R., and Fery, R. L. 2001. Methyl bromide alternatives in a bell pepper–squash rotation. Crop Prot. 20: 605–614.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M., Culpepper, A. S., and Johnson, W. C. III. 2003. Response of squash and cucumber cultivars to halosulfuron. Weed Technol. 17: 173–176.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M., Grey, T. L., Davis, J. W., and Culpepper, A. S. 2008. Glyphosate hinders purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) tuber production. Weed Sci. 56: 735–742.Google Scholar
William, R. D. and Warren, G. F. 1975. Competition between purple nutsedge and vegetables. Weed Sci. 23: 317–323.Google Scholar
Wills, G. D. 1987. Description of purple and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus esculentus). Weed Technol. 1: 2–9.Google Scholar