Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-zklqj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-30T17:42:15.009Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Response of Onion (Allium cepa) to Annual Weeds and Postemergence Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

R. M. Menges  and
S. Tamez
R. M. Menges
Affiliation:
Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Weslaco, TX 78596
S. Tamez
Affiliation:
Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Weslaco, TX 78596
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Several herbicides were sprayed on emerged London rocket (Sisymbrium irio L.), common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), ragweed parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.), annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.), and onion (Allium cepa L. ‘yellow granex PRR’), to determine selectivity. Onion yields were reduced with common sunflower and London rocket interference within 7 weeks after emergence. Oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] at 2.2 kg/ha controlled all but common sunflower under most field conditions and reduced the yield of onion in one experiment out of six. Methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione] and bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) reduced the yields of onion in two of four experiments and three of six experiments, respectively. Both herbicides controlled most weed species, but only bromoxynil controlled annual sunflower adequately. Onion was injured when low temperature, low light intensity, and high relative humidity occurred within 3 days of the application of herbicides. Bioassays showed that oxadiazon persisted 5 months in soil in three of five experiments. Seeded London rocket populations reduced the growth of onion 20% within the first 4 weeks and 65% within 12 weeks after planting.

Keywords

Herbicide persistenceweed interferenceoxadiazonmethazolebromoxynil

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 29 , Issue 1 , January 1981 , pp. 74 - 79
Copyright
Copyright © 1981 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Literature Cited

1. Agamalian, H. 1967. The effect of several postemergence herbicides on three dates of treatment to Southport white globe onions. West. Weed Control Conf. Res. Prog. Rep. pp. 72–74.Google Scholar
2. Agamalian, H. 1973. Postemergence weed control in dry bulb onions. West. Soc. Weed Sci. Res. Prog. Rep. pp. 68–69.Google Scholar
3. Da Silva, J. B. and Warren, G. F. 1976. Effect of stage of growth on metribuzin tolerance. Weed Sci. 24:612–615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Dunster, K. W. 1968. Response of onions to repeated bromoxynil treatment. West. Soc. Weed Sci. Res. Prog. Rep. pp. 42–43.Google Scholar
5. Fortino, J. Jr., and Splittstoesser, W. E. 1974. Response of tomato to metribuzin. Weed Sci. 22:460–463.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Hewson, R. T. 1970. Weed competition. Pages 114–115 in Rep. Nat. Veg. Stn., Warwick, England.Google Scholar
7. Kempen, H. M. 1975. Research results on post-emergence herbicides in onions. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 28:51–57.Google Scholar
8. Lange, A., Hoyle, B., and Tyler, K. 1973. Early postemergence annual weed control in direct seeded onions. West. Soc. Weed Sci. Res. Prog. Rep. pp. 91–92.Google Scholar
9. Menges, R. M. and Hubbard, J. L. 1968. Influence of climate and soil incorporation on herbicides in onions. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 92:498–507.Google Scholar
10. Menges, R. M. and Hubbard, J. L. 1970. Selectivity movement and persistence of soil-incorporated herbicides in carrot plantings. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 18:247–252.Google Scholar
11. Menges, R. M. and Tamez, S. 1973. Effect of soil incorporation on selectivity, movement and persistence of herbicides in onion plantings. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 98:390–393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Noll, C. J. 1974. Evaluation of herbicides for weed control in seeded onion grown in mineral soils. Proc. Northeast Weed Sci. Soc. 28:221–223.Google Scholar
13. Phatak, S. C. and Stephenson, G. R. 1973. Influence of light and temperature on metribuzin phytotoxicity to tomato. Can. J. Plant Sci. 53:843–847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Pritchard, M. K. and Warren, G. F. 1978. Influence of light on the response of tomato and two weed species to postemergent metribuzin. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 33:34–35.Google Scholar
15. Sanok, W. J., Selleck, G. W., and Creighton, J. F. 1979. Evaluation of herbicides for weed control in onions. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 33:154–156.Google Scholar
16. Shadbolt, C. A. and Holm, C. L., 1956. Some quantiative aspects of weed competition in vegetable crops. Weeds 4:111–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1976. Agricultural Statistics. 613 pp.Google Scholar