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Seedling recruitment pattern and depth of recruitment of 10 weed species in minimum tillage and no-till seeding systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bhagirath S. Chauhan ,
Gurjeet Gill  and
Christopher Preston
Gurjeet Gill
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, South Australia, Australia 5371
Christopher Preston
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, South Australia, Australia 5064
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Abstract

Differences in periodicity and depth of weed seedling recruitment due to agronomic management practices, such as reduced tillage, have implications for weed competitive ability and management strategies. Periodicity and depth of seedling recruitment of 10 different weed species was measured in the field in 2004 and 2005. The seedling recruitment of rigid ryegrass, threehorn bedstraw, and wild radish seedlings was higher under minimum tillage than under no-till scenarios. In contrast, the seedling recruitment of Oriental mustard, annual sowthistle, squirreltail fescue, little mallow, and turnipweed was higher under the no-till system. The seedling recruitment of wild oat and African mustard was not influenced by the tillage system. The mean seedling recruitment depth of wild oat, rigid ryegrass, threehorn bedstraw, wild radish, and turnipweed was greater under minimum tillage than under the no-till system. These weeds are able to emerge from deeper in the soil profile. In contrast, the seedling recruitment depth under minimum-tillage and no-till systems was similar for African mustard, Oriental mustard, annual sowthistle, little mallow, and squirreltail fescue. These are all small-seeded species, which failed to emerge from deeper depths under either tillage system. In addition, all of these species except African mustard showed higher total seedling recruitment under the no-till system. Results of this study will facilitate weed-control timing decisions and provide validation data for weed seedling recruitment models.

Keywords

Wild oat, Avena fatua L., AVEFAAfrican mustard, Brassica tournefortii Gouan, BRSTOthreehorn bedstraw, Galium tricornutum Dandy, GALTCrigid ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaudin, LOLRIlittle mallow, Malva parviflora L., MALPAwild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum L., RAPRAturnipweed, Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All., RASRUOriental mustard, Sisymbrium orientale L., SSYORannual sowthistle, Sonchus oleraceus L., SONOLsquirreltail fescue, Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray, VLPBRTillage systemseedling recruitment depthweed emergence
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 54 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 658 - 668
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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