Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-c8zdz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-30T13:23:40.123Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Solar Heating of the Soil: Involvement of Environmental Factors in the Weed Control Process

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Baruch Rubin  and
Abraham Benjamin
Baruch Rubin
Affiliation:
Dep. Field and Veg. Crops, Faculty of Agric., The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Abraham Benjamin
Affiliation:
Dep. Field and Veg. Crops, Faculty of Agric., The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Solar heating (SH) of wet soil by mulching it with transparent polyethylene (PE) during the hot season increased soil temperature in a typical daily course which varied with soil depth. Annual weed species responded to soil heating in the laboratory with the same pattern as under SH conditions in the field. Rhizomes of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. ♯3 CYNDA) and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense L. Pers. ♯ SORHA) were very sensitive to heat treatment, but purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L. ♯ CYPRO) tubers were able to survive temperatures as high as 80 C for 30 min. Species having big and heavy seeds or vegetative propagules were able to emerge from deep layers of soil, thus practically escaping the lethal temperature prevailing in the upper layer. Transparent and black PE mulching effectively prevented water loss from soil, as compared with perforated PE and nonmulched control. CO2 concentration in the soil atmosphere under transparent PE mulching increased rapidly during the first week and reached a maximal level which was 20-fold higher than that formed in nonmulched soil. Ethylene at 0.2 ppm was detected only in a mulched soil environment. No differences in levels of CH4 or CO were detected.

Keywords

Solarizationsoil atmospherevolatilesweed emergencehigh temperatureCYNDASORHACYPRO

Information

Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , January 1984 , pp. 138 - 142
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Literature Cited

1. Baker, K. F. and Cook, R. J. 1974. Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. Freeman, San Francisco, CA.Google Scholar
2. Egley, G. H. 1981. Reduction of weed seed populations by solar irradiation of soil. Abstr., Weed Sci. Soc. Am. p. 175.Google Scholar
3. Elmore, C. L. 1983. Solarization for weed control in vegetable crops. Abstr., Weed Sci. Soc. Am. p. 32.Google Scholar
4. Grant Lipp, A. E. and Ballard, L. A. T. 1959. The breaking of seed dormancy of some legumes by carbon dioxide. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 10:495–499.Google Scholar
5. Hendricks, S. B. and Taylorson, R. B. 1976. Variation in germination and amino acid leakage of seeds with temperature related to membrane phase change. Plant Physiol. 58:7–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Hesketh, K. A. 1983. Solarization, thermal death points of five weed species and comparison of plastic tarp. Abstr., Weed Sci. Soc. Am. p. 32.Google Scholar
7. Holm, R. E. 1972. Volatile metabolites controlling germination in buried weed seeds. Plant Physiol. 50:293–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Horowitz, M., Regev, Y., and Herzlinger, G. 1983. Solarization for weed control. Weed Sci. 31:170–179.Google Scholar
9. Jacobsohn, R., Greenberger, A., Katan, J., Levi, M., and Alon, H. 1980. Control of Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) and other weeds by means of solar heating of the soil by polyethylene mulching. Weed Sci. 28:312–316.Google Scholar
10. Katan, J. 1981. Solar heating (solarization) of soil for control of soilborne pests. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 19:211–236.Google Scholar
11. Katan, J., Greenberger, A., Alon, H., and Grinstein, A. 1976. Solar heating by polyethylene mulching for the control of diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens. Phytopathology 66:683–688.Google Scholar
12. Katoh, H. and Esashi, Y. 1975. Dormancy and impotency of cocklebur seeds. 1. CO2, C2H4, O2 and high temperature. Plant Cell Physiol. 16:687–696.Google Scholar
13. Ketring, D. L. 1977. Ethylene and seed germination. Pages 157–178 in: Khan, A. A., ed. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seed Dormancy and Germination. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
14. King, L. J. 1966. Weeds of the World, Biology and Control. Pages 115–161. Interscience Publishers, New York.Google Scholar
15. Levitt, J. 1980. Response of Plants to Environmental Stresses. Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
16. Mahrer, I. 1979. Prediction of soil temperature of a soil mulched with transparent polyethylene. J. Appl. Meteorol. 18:1263–1267.Google Scholar
17. Morinaga, T. 1926. Germination of seeds under water. Amer. J. Bot. 13:126–140.Google Scholar
18. Pavlica, D. A., Hora, T. S., Bradshaw, J. J., Skogerboe, R. K., and Baker, R. 1978. Volatiles from soil influencing activities of soil fungi. Phytopathology 68:758–765.Google Scholar
19. Pullman, G. S., DeVay, J. E., Garber, R. H., and Weinhold, A. R. 1981. Soil solarization: Effects on Verticillium wilt of cotton and soil-borne population of Verticillium dahliae, Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Thielaviopsis basicola . Phytopathology 71:954–959.Google Scholar
20. Rubin, B. and Benjamin, A. 1983. Solar heating of the soil: Effect on weed control and on soil-incorporated herbicides. Weed Sci. 31:819–825.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Taylorson, R. B. 1979. Response of weed seeds to ethylene and related hydrocarbons. Weed Sci. 27:7–10.Google Scholar
22. Taylorson, R. B. and Hendricks, S. B. 1977. Dormancy in seeds. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 28:331–354.Google Scholar
23. Taylorson, R. B. and Hendricks, S. B. 1981. Anesthetic release of seed dormancy – an overview. Isr. J. Bot. 29:273–280.Google Scholar
24. Thornton, N. C. 1944. Germination of seeds in presence of carbon dioxide. Contr. Boyce Thompson Inst. 13:355–360.Google Scholar
25. Vancura, V. and Stotzky, G. 1976. Gaseous and volatile exudates from germinating seeds and seedlings. Can. J. Bot. 54:518–532.Google Scholar
26. Wesson, G. and Wareing, P. F. 1969. The role of light in the germination of naturally occurring populations of buried weed seeds. J. Exp. Bot. 20:402–413.Google Scholar