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Surfactant Effects on Isolated Plant Cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

J. B. St. John ,
P. G. Bartels  and
J. L. Hilton
J. B. St. John
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. of Agr., Agr. Res. Serv., Agr. Res. Center, Agr. Environ. Qual. Inst., Beltsville, MD 20705
P. G. Bartels
Affiliation:
Dep. of Biol. Sci., University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
J. L. Hilton
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. of Agr., Agr. Res. Serv., Agr. Res. Center, Agr. Environ. Qual. Inst., Beltsville, MD 20705
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Abstract

Isolated plant cells from leaf tissue of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Harosoy’] and wild onion (Allium canadense L.) were used to study the effects of four surfactants on cell permeability as measured by loss of intracellular material and on photosynthetic 14CO2 fixation. Surfactant-induced alteration in cell permeability could not be related to surfactant-ionogenic class but could be related to reported phytotoxicity. Surfactants that altered cell permeability also inhibited photosynthetic 14CO2 fixation, indicating that surfactant effects were not restricted to the outer-cell membrane. Isolated cells from the monocotyledonous wild onion were more susceptible to surfactant-induced alterations in cell permeability than were cells from the dicotyledonous soybean. Efflux of intracellular material was modified by Ca++ and Mg++ to a greater extent for soybean than for wild onion. Integrity of the isolated cells, before and after surfactant treatment, was verified by microscopic observation.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 22 , Issue 3 , May 1974 , pp. 233 - 237
Copyright
Copyright © 1974 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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