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Temperature and Light Requirements for Germination and Emergence of Three Arable Papaveraceae Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Joel Torra ,
Aritz Royo-Esnal  and
Jordi Recasens
Joel Torra*
Affiliation:
Weed Science and Plant Ecology Research Group, Department of Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio Center, ETSEA, Universitat de Lleida, Avda, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
Aritz Royo-Esnal
Affiliation:
Weed Science and Plant Ecology Research Group, Department of Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio Center, ETSEA, Universitat de Lleida, Avda, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
Jordi Recasens
Affiliation:
Weed Science and Plant Ecology Research Group, Department of Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio Center, ETSEA, Universitat de Lleida, Avda, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: joel@hbj.udl.cat
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Abstract

This research investigated the temperature and light requirements for seed germination and emergence patterns of pinnate poppy, violet horned-poppy, and nodding hypecoum, three annual Papaveraceae species found in arable lands in the Mediterranean region. Two experiments performed in growth chambers (1) analyzed light (complete darkness or 12 h light) and temperature (10/5, 15/5, and 20/10 C day/night temperatures) requirements for germination, and (2) determined base temperature (Tb) for germination. An outdoor pot trial was also set up to study emergence patterns. All species showed higher germination in complete darkness than they did with a light regime, irrespective of dormancy level, time of the year, and temperature regime under which germination was tested, illustrating better germination when seeds are buried. Tb ranged from −2.6 to 0 C, depending on the species, indicating low temperature requirements for germination. Given their higher germination in daily fluctuating, rather than constant temperatures, the three Papaveraceae species should have the capacity to form persistent seed banks. These species behaved as winter annuals (from November to February) in the pot experiment and had difficulties to emerge in spring. Given that they cannot avoid autumn–winter chemical treatments, this could partially explain their regression in arable fields. These results bring new information to develop management strategies for these Papaveraceae species in agroecosystems.

Keywords

Nodding hypecoum, Hypecoum pendulum L. HCYPEpinnate poppy, Papaver argemone L. PAPARviolet horned-poppy, Roemeria hybrida (L.) DC. ROEHYBase temperaturelight regimeseed dormancyseed emergencetemperature regime
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 248 - 260
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan, Texas A&M University.

References

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