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Volunteer Potato Density Influences Critical Time of Weed Removal in Bulb Onion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Martin M. Williams II ,
Corey V. Ransom  and
W. Mack Thompson
Martin M. Williams II*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Invasive Weed Management Research, University of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
Corey V. Ransom
Affiliation:
Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology Department, Utah State University, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4820
W. Mack Thompson
Affiliation:
Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., P.O. Box 552, Johnstown, IA 50131
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: mmwillms@uiuc.edu
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Abstract

Volunteer potato is highly competitive with onion and few control tactics are effective for removing this weed from an onion crop. Both volunteer potato density and duration of interference reduce onion yield, but the interaction of these factors is unknown. Field trials were conducted in 2003 in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington to determine the influence of volunteer potato density on the critical time of weed removal (CTWR) in onion. Yield losses of 2.5, 5.0, and 10% were estimated to occur at 534, 654, and 830 growing degree days (GDD) after onion emergence, respectively, with a volunteer potato density of 0.5 plants/m2. At 2.0 volunteer potato plants/m2, yield losses of 2.5, 5.0, and 10% were estimated to occur at 388, 481, and 598 GDD after onion emergence, respectively. Volunteer potato at 2.0 plants/m2 had to be removed at least one onion leaf stage sooner, compared to a weed density of 0.5 plants/m2, to avoid yield loss. Yield loss due to volunteer potato density or duration of interference was greatest among jumbo, colossal, and supercolossal market grades (P ≤ 0.1). Lowering potato tuber density in crops preceding onion will extend the critical time for weed removal and reduce the risk of crop loss.

Keywords

Volunteer potato, Solanum tuberosum L. ‘Russet Burbank’ and ‘Ranger Russet’Onion, Allium cepa L. ‘Pinnacle’ and ‘Vaquero’Competitioncritical period of weed controlgroundkeepervegetable
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , March 2007 , pp. 136 - 140
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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