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Droplet size impact on lactofen and acifluorfen efficacy for Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 December 2019

Lucas X. Franca Open the ORCID record for Lucas X. Franca [Opens in a new window] ,
Darrin M. Dodds Open the ORCID record for Darrin M. Dodds [Opens in a new window] ,
Thomas R. Butts Open the ORCID record for Thomas R. Butts [Opens in a new window] ,
Greg R. Kruger ,
Daniel B. Reynolds ,
J. Anthony Mills ,
Jason A. Bond ,
Angus L. Catchot  and
Daniel G. Peterson
Lucas X. Franca
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
Darrin M. Dodds*
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Specialist, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
Thomas R. Butts
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, North Platte, NE, USA
Greg R. Kruger
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, North Platte, NE, USA
Daniel B. Reynolds
Affiliation:
Professor and Endowed Chair, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
J. Anthony Mills
Affiliation:
Weed Management Technology Development Representative, Bayer CropScience, Collierville, TN, USA
Jason A. Bond
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Specialist, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, USA
Angus L. Catchot
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Specialist, Mississippi State University, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State, MS, USA
Daniel G. Peterson
Affiliation:
Director and Professor, Mississippi State University, Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, and Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Darrin M. Dodds, Mississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, 32 Creelman Street, Office 114, Dorman Hall, Mississippi State, MS39762. Email: dmd76@msstate.edu
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Abstract

Herbicide applications performed with pulse width modulation (PWM) sprayers to deliver specific spray droplet sizes could maintain product efficacy, minimize potential off-target movement, and increase flexibility in field operations. Given the continuous expansion of herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth populations across the southern and midwestern United States, efficacious and cost-effective means of application are needed to maximize Palmer amaranth control. Experiments were conducted in two locations in Mississippi (2016, 2017, and 2018) and one location in Nebraska (2016 and 2017) for a total of 7 site-years. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a range of spray droplet sizes [150 (Fine) to 900 μm (Ultra Coarse)] on lactofen and acifluorfen efficacy for Palmer amaranth control. The results of this research indicated that spray droplet size did not influence lactofen efficacy on Palmer amaranth. Palmer amaranth control and percent dry-biomass reduction remained consistent with lactofen applied within the aforementioned droplet size range. Therefore, larger spray droplets should be used as part of a drift mitigation approach. In contrast, acifluorfen application with 300-μm (Medium) spray droplets provided the greatest Palmer amaranth control. Although percent biomass reduction was numerically greater with 300-μm (Medium) droplets, results did not differ with respect to spray droplet size, possibly as a result of initial plant injury, causing weight loss, followed by regrowth. Overall, 900-μm (Ultra Coarse) droplets could be used effectively without compromising lactofen efficacy on Palmer amaranth, and 300-μm (Medium) droplets should be used to achieve maximum Palmer amaranth control with acifluorfen.

Keywords

AcifluorfenlactofenPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPAPPO-inhibiting herbicidespulse width modulation (PWM)diphenyl ether herbicidesapplication optimizationweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 3 , June 2020 , pp. 416 - 423
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: William Johnson, Purdue University

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