Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T10:51:53.084Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Grass Response to Picloram and Clopyralid Applied Before Seeding

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Roger L. Sheley ,
Thomas D. Whitson ,
Vanelle Carrithers ,
James S. Jacobs  and
Jay Gehrett
Roger L. Sheley
Affiliation:
Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
Thomas D. Whitson
Affiliation:
Plant Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
Vanelle Carrithers
Affiliation:
Dow AgroSciences, 28884 South Marshall Road, Mulino, OR 97042
James S. Jacobs*
Affiliation:
Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
Jay Gehrett
Affiliation:
Owner, Spray Tech, 877 Whitney Road, Walla Walla, WA 99362
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jsjacobs@montana.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Reduction of weed competition using herbicides is critical to the successful revegetation of weed-infested rangeland. However, little is known about the influence of persistent broadleaf herbicides on the establishment of many desired grasses. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of various rates and times of application of picloram and clopyralid before seeding on two native and two nonnative grasses important to western United States rangeland. The study was conducted in 1997 and 1998 in Wyoming, Montana, and Washington. Five herbicide treatments (none, picloram at 0.14, 0.28, 0.56 kg ai/ha, clopyralid at 0.14, 0.56 kg ai/ha), three timings of herbicide application (44, 24, and 0 d prior to seeding[DPS]), and four grass species (Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, crested wheatgrass, and pubescent wheatgrass) were factorially arranged in a randomized split-plot design with three blocks. The whole-plots were the seeded grass species, and the subplots were the herbicide treatments and timings of application. Treatments were performed in the spring of 1997. Treatment effects on grass vigor (1997) and biomass (1998) depended on grass species, herbicide and rate, and timing. Idaho fescue established at low densities, and it was not possible to determine the treatment effects. In general, crested and pubescent wheatgrass had higher vigor estimates and biomass than did bluebunch wheatgrass. Herbicide applied 24 or 44 DPS had less effect on grass vigor and biomass than did herbicide applied at seeding. Picloram at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha tended to reduce vigor and biomass more when compared with the 0.14 kg/ha rate and with both rates of clopyralid. On the basis of these experiments, applying picloram or clopyralid at rates as high as 0.56 kg/ha 24 d or more before seeding bluebunch wheatgrass, pubescent wheatgrass, or crested wheatgrass may allow effective weed control and long-term management through grass competition.

Keywords

Clopyralidpiclorambluebunch wheatgrass, Pseudorogneria spicata (Pursh.) Löve ‘Goldar’ or ‘Secar’crested wheatgrass, Agropyron desertorum (L) Gaertn. ‘Nordan’Idaho fescue, Festuca idahoensis Elmer ‘Joseph’pubescent wheatgrass, Thinopyron intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey ‘Luna’Integrated weed managementnoxious rangeland weedrestoration, revegetationDPSdays prior to seeding
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 16 , Issue 3 , September 2002 , pp. 645 - 650
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bussan, A. J., Dewey, S. A., Whitson, T. D., and Trainor, M. A. 2001. 2001–2002 Montana–Utah–Wyoming Weed Management Handbook. Montana State University Extension Service Bull. EB23. 294 p.Google Scholar
Carpinelli, M. F. 2000. Designing Weed-Resistant Plant Communities by Maximizing Niche Occupation and Resource Capture. Dissertation. Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. 131 p.Google Scholar
Carrithers, V., Whitson, T., Sheley, R., Gehrett, J., and Halstvedt, M. 1999. Preplant applications of picloram and clopyralid on three range grass species. West. Soc. Weed Sci. Proc. 52: 63.Google Scholar
Daubenmire, R. 1970. Steppe Vegetation of Washington. Washington Agricultural Experimental Station Technical Bull. No. 62. 131 p.Google Scholar
Essenstat, D. M. and Caldwell, M. M. 1988. Competitive ability is linked to rates of water extraction. A field study of two aridland tussock grasses. Oecologia 75: 1–7.Google Scholar
Harris, G. A. 1967. Some competitive relationships between Agropyron spicatum and Bromus tectorum . Ecol. Monogr. 37: 172–177.Google Scholar
Holzworth, L. and Lacey, J. 1992. Species Selection Criterion for Seeding Dryland Pasture in Montana. Montana State University Extension Service EB 19. 12 p.Google Scholar
Jacobs, J. S., Carpinelli, M. F., and Sheley, R. L. 1999. Revegetating weed infested rangeland. In Sheley, R. L. and Petroff, J. K., eds. Biology and Management of Noxious Rangeland Weeds. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press. pp. 133–144.Google Scholar
Nowak, R. S. and Caldwell, M. M. 1984. Photosynthetic activity and survival of foliage during winter for two bunchgrass species in a cold-winter steppe environment. Photosynthetica 18: 155–162.Google Scholar
Peterson, R. G. 1985. Design and Analysis of Experiments. New York: Marcel Dekker. 429 p.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1990. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Ver 6. Volume 2. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 920 p.Google Scholar
Sheley, R. L., Jacobs, J. S., and Lucas, D. E. 2001. Revegetating spotted knapweed infested rangeland in a single entry. J. Range Manag. 54: 144–151.Google Scholar
Sheley, R. L., Svejcar, T. J., and Maxwell, B. D. 1996. A theoretical framework for developing successional weed management strategies on rangeland. Weed Technol. 10: 712–720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Velagala, R. P., Sheley, R. L., and Jacobs, J. S. 1997. Influence of density on intermediate wheatgrass and spotted knapweed interference. J. Range Manag. 50: 523–529.Google Scholar