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Herbicides for Weed Control in Blessed Thistle (Silybum Marianum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ,
Ivan Zhalnov  and
Nedko K. Nedkov
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov*
Affiliation:
Mississippi State University, North Mississippi Research & Ext. Center, 5421 Hwy. 145 South, Verona, MS 38879
Ivan Zhalnov
Affiliation:
Department of Farming, University of Agriculture, 12 Mendeleev str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Nedko K. Nedkov
Affiliation:
Research Institute for Roses and Medicinal Plants, 49 Osvobojdenia Blv, 6100, Kazanlak, Bulgaria
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: vj40@pss.msstate.edu.
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Abstract

Blessed thistle is an important medicinal crop in Europe and recently has become more significant in North America. A limiting factor in blessed thistle production is weed interference. Field experiments were conducted near Plovdiv, Bulgaria, to study the effect of selected herbicides on weed control, crop productivity, and crop quality. Seed yields of blessed thistle were increased with metribuzin alone at 0.5 kg ai/ha, pendimethalin alone 1.32 kg ai/ha, pendimethalin at 1.32 kg ai/ha plus metribuzin at 0.5 kg ai/ha, trifluralin at 0.84 kg ai/ha plus linuron at 1.0 kg ai/ha, and in the hand-weeded control compared to the nonweeded control (nontreated check). Pendimethalin and metribuzin were safe both alone and in combination for weed control in blessed thistle. Bentazon at 0.96 kg ai/ha inhibited blessed thistle development and reduced seed yields compared to the untreated check. Generally, weed control increased the content of silymarin and decreased the amount of seed oil. Overall, seeds contained 0.26 to 0.36% taxifolin, 0.69 to 0.99% silydianin plus silycristin, 1.31 to 1.78% silybin, and 0.27 to 0.39 % isosilybin.

Keywords

Bentazonlinuronmetribuzinpendimethalintrifluralinblessed thistle, Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. ‘Silmar’ #3 SLYMAMedicinal plantsseed oilseed yieldsilymarintaxifolinsilydianinsilycristinsilybinisosilybin
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 4 , December 2006 , pp. 1030 - 1034
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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