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Accepted manuscript

Implications of cereal rye cover crop termination timing and residue management on Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) control in peanut

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2025

Olumide S. Daramola*
Affiliation:
Graduate Assistant, West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Jay, FL, 32565, USA
Gregory E. MacDonald
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, FL, 32611
Ramdas G. Kanissery
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Immokalee, FL, 34142, USA
Barry L. Tillman
Affiliation:
Professor, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Quincy, FL, 32351, USA
Hardeep Singh
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Jay, FL, 32565, USA
Oluseyi Ayodeji Ajani
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Jay, FL, 32565, USA
Pratap Devkota
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Jay, FL, 32565, USA
*
Authors for Correspondence: Olumide S. Daramola, Graduate Research Assistant, West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 4253 Experiment Road, Jay, FL 32565. Email: daramolaolumide@ufl.edu
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Abstract

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Weed management in peanut primarily relies on intensive herbicide programs. Integrating cereal rye as a cover crop may reduce herbicide input without compromising weed control. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate cereal rye termination management and herbicide programs in peanut. Main plot treatments included a winter fallow control and four cereal rye termination scenarios: (1) early termination 28 days before peanut planting (DBP) with residue rolled flat, (2) early termination 28 DBP with residue left standing, (3) late termination 14 DBP with residue rolled flat, or (4) late termination 14 DBP with residue left standing. Sub-plot treatments consisted of four herbicide programs: (1) preemergence (PRE) plus early postemergence (EPOST) plus mid-postemergence (MPOST) herbicides; (2) PRE plus MPOST herbicides; (3) EPOST plus MPOST herbicides; and (4) a nontreated control. Early cereal rye termination (28 DBP), whether rolled or standing, reduced Palmer amaranth density by 36 to 48% without PRE herbicides and by 36 to 50% when PRE herbicides (fluridone or flumioxazin) were applied. Sicklepod density was unaffected by early termination. In contrast, late termination reduced sicklepod density by 47 to 50% and Palmer amaranth density by 64–86% relative to the winter fallow control at 28 days after PRE application. Across all treatments, cereal rye reduced Palmer amaranth and sicklepod biomass by 63 to 67% and 63 to 65%, respectively, 28 days after MPOST herbicide application. However, standing cereal rye residue reduced peanut yield compared to rolled residue and the winter fallow. Late-terminated, rolled cereal rye residue combined with reduced herbicide programs (PRE plus MPOST or EPOST plus MPOST) provided weed control and yield comparable to the intensive herbicide program (PRE plus EPOST plus MPOST) in winter fallow control. Based on these findings, late-terminated, rolled cereal rye has the potential to reduce herbicide input while maintaining peanut yield and effective weed suppression.

Information

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America