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Japanese Bindweed (Calystegia hederacea) Abundance and Response to Winter Wheat Seeding Rate and Nitrogen Fertilization in the North China Plain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Alexander Menegat ,
Ortrud Jäck ,
Jinwei Zhang ,
Kathrin Kleinknecht ,
Bettina U. Müller ,
Hans-Peter Piepho ,
Hanwen Ni  and
Roland Gerhards
Alexander Menegat*
Affiliation:
Department of Weed Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Ortrud Jäck
Affiliation:
Department of Weed Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Jinwei Zhang
Affiliation:
College Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Kathrin Kleinknecht
Affiliation:
Institute for Crop Science, Department of Bioinformatics, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Bettina U. Müller
Affiliation:
Institute for Crop Science, Department of Bioinformatics, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Hans-Peter Piepho
Affiliation:
Institute for Crop Science, Department of Bioinformatics, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Hanwen Ni
Affiliation:
College Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Roland Gerhards
Affiliation:
Department of Weed Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: alexander.menegat@uni-hohenheim.de
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Abstract

Japanese bindweed was found to be one of the most abundant and most difficult-to-control weed species during a 2-yr weed survey in more than 100 winter wheat fields in the North China Plain region. Multivariate data analysis showed that Japanese bindweed is most abundant at sites with comparative low nitrogen (N) fertilization intensities and low crop densities. To gain deeper insights into the biology of Japanese bindweed under various N fertilization intensities, winter wheat seeding rates, herbicide treatments, and their interactions, a 2-yr field experiment was performed. In nonfertilized plots, a herbicide efficacy (based on density reduction) of 22% for 2,4-D, and of 25% for tribenuron-methyl was found. The maximum herbicide efficacy in Nmin-fertilized plots (target N value based on expected crop yield minus soil mineral nitrogen content, ) was 32% for 2,4-D and 34% for tribenuron-methyl. In plots fertilized according to the farmer's practices, a maximum herbicide efficacy of 72% for 2,4-D and of 64% for tribenuron-methyl could be observed. Furthermore, medium and high seeding rates improved the herbicide efficacy by at least 39% for tribenuron-methyl and 44% for 2,4-D compared to the low seeding rate. Winter wheat yield was not significantly affected by seeding rate itself, whereas at low and medium seeding rates, Nmin fertilization was decreasing winter wheat yield significantly compared to the farmer's usual fertilization practice. At the highest seeding rate, Nmin fertilization resulted in equal yields compared to the farmer's practices of fertilization.

Se encontró que Calystegia hederacea fue una de las especies de malezas más abundantes y más difíciles de controlar en un estudio observacional de 2 años de duración en más de 100 campos de trigo de invierno en la región de las Planicies del Norte de China. Análisis multivariado de datos mostró que C. hederacea es más abundante en sitios con niveles comparativos bajos de intensidad de fertilización con nitrógeno (N) y densidades de cultivo bajas. Para ganar un mayor conocimiento sobre la biología de C. hederacea bajo intensidades variables de N, densidades de siembra de trigo de invierno, tratamientos con herbicidas, y sus interacciones, se realizó un experimento de campo durante 2 años. En parcelas sin fertilización, se encontró una eficacia del herbicida (basada en reducción de la densidad de la maleza) de 22% con 2,4-D, y de 25% con tribenuron-methyl. La eficacia máxima de herbicidas, en parcelas fertilizadas usando el método Nmin, fue 32% con 2,4-D y 34% con tribenuron-methyl. En las parcelas fertilizadas de acuerdo a las prácticas de los productores, la eficacia máxima del herbicida observada fue 72% para 2,4-D y 64% para tribenuron-methyl. Además, densidades de siembra medias y altas mejoraron la eficacia del herbicida en al menos 39% con tribenuron-methyl y 44% con 2,4-D al comparase con la densidad de siembra baja. El rendimiento del trigo de invierno no fue afectado significativamente por la densidad de siembra, mientras que en las densidades de siembra baja y media, la fertilización Nmin disminuyó el rendimiento del trigo de invierno significativamente, al compararse con las prácticas de fertilización usuales de los productores. En la densidad de siembra alta, la fertilización Nmin resultó en rendimientos iguales en comparación con las prácticas de fertilización de los productores.

Keywords

2,4-Dtribenuron-methylJapanese bindweedCalystegia hederacea Wallich CAGHEwheatTriticum aestivum L.Herbicide efficacynitrogen fertilizationNorth China Plainweed abundancewinter wheat seeding rate
Type
Weed Biology & Competition
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 768 - 777
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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