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Key Morphological Events following Late-Season Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2018

Robert Andrew Kerr ,
Lambert B. McCarty ,
William C. Bridges  and
Matthew Cutulle
Robert Andrew Kerr*
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
Lambert B. McCarty
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
William C. Bridges
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
Matthew Cutulle
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson Coastal Research and Education Center, Charleston, SC, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Robert Andrew Kerr, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0310. (Email: rakerr@g.clemson.edu)
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Abstract

Goosegrass is a weedy C4 species throughout the world and a major pest in turfgrass systems. Further research is needed to characterize morphological events of goosegrass germinating in late summer to enhance long-term management programs. The objective of this study was to determine whether goosegrass germinating on August 15 will complete a life cycle before the first killing frost, typically November 15 in Clemson, SC. A biotype from Clemson, SC, was collected and a growth-chamber experiment was conducted to simulate autumn maximum and minimum temperatures. Culm, leaf, root, and raceme biomass measurements were recorded weekly, and growth curves were modeled. The inflection point (i.e., point of maximum growth) occurred for the following growth parameters: culm dry weight at 26.5 d after emergence (DAE), leaf dry weight at 26.6 DAE, number of racemes per plant at 50.7 DAE, raceme dry weight (including germinable seed) at 56.0 DAE, and root dry weight at 42.1 DAE. The completion of the life cycle occurred on October 22 (68 DAE), approximately 3 wk before the typical first killing frost in Clemson, SC. In summary, turf managers need to address goosegrass that germinates through approximately the first week of September at this location to avoid production of viable seed.

Keywords

GoosegrassEleusine indica (L.) GaertnBBCH scalegoosegrass life cycleturfgrass weedweed biology
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2019 , pp. 196 - 201
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

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Footnotes

Cite this article: Kerr RA, McCarty LB, Bridges WC, Cutulle M. (2018) Key morphological events following late-season goosegrass (Eleusine indica) germination. Weed Technol 33:196–201. doi: 10.1017/wet.2018.93

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