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Multiple Applications of Reduced-Rate Herbicides for Weed Control in Onion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

James R. Loken  and
Harlene M. Hatterman-Valenti
James R. Loken
Affiliation:
Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Department 7670, Fargo, ND 58108-6050
Harlene M. Hatterman-Valenti*
Affiliation:
Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Department 7670, Fargo, ND 58108-6050
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: h.hatterman.valenti@ndsu.edu.
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at Oakes, Absaraka, and Tappen, ND, in 2006 and repeated at Oakes and Absaraka, ND, in 2007 to evaluate early season weed control of common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed in onion with POST herbicides applied at multiple reduced rates (microrates) and to determine whether microrate herbicide treatments effectively reduced early season broadleaf weed competition, caused crop injury, or affected yield. Application rates of bromoxynil, oxyfluorfen, metribuzin, and acifluorfen were reduced to 0.25, 0.13, and 0.06× of their lowest labeled rate and applied in sequential applications (every 7 d) either two or three times. The 0.25× rate of bromoxynil (70.1 g ae/ha) provided the greatest control of common lambsquarters (95%). The 0.25× rates of bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen (70.1 g ai/ha) provided the greatest control of redroot pigweed (93 and 85%, respectively). Microrate applications of metribuzin or acifluorfen did not effectively control common lambsquarters or redroot pigweed. In 2006, no onion injury was observed. However, in 2007, applications of oxyfluorfen resulted in approximately 15% injury, regardless of the herbicide rate or the number of applications. Plants outgrew symptoms by 4 wk after treatment and were similar to the untreated plants. Onion treated with oxyfluorfen had the greatest total yield, followed by onion treated with bromoxynil. Onion treated with acifluorfen had a greater total marketable bulb yield than onion treated with metribuzin, but yield was considered poor compared to the other herbicide treatments. Three microrate applications provided greater weed control and increased yield compared with two applications across herbicides and rates. Results suggest that microrate applications of bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen will provide early season broadleaf weed control in onion.

Varios experimentos de campo se llevaron a cabo en Oakes, Absaraka y Tappen en Dakota del Norte en 2006 y repetidos en Oakes y Absaraka en 2007, para evaluar en el cultivo de cebolla, el control de Chenopodium album L. y Amaranthus retroflexus L. de crecimiento temprano, con herbicidas POST aplicados en múltiples dosis reducidas (micro-dosis) y para determinar si éstos tratamientos disminuyen efectivamente la competencia de maleza de hoja ancha, los posibles daños al cultivo o el impacto en su rendimiento. Las dosis de aplicación de bromoxynil, oxyfluorfen, metribuzin y acifluorfen fueron reducidas a 0.25, 0.13 y 0.06X de la dosis más baja marcada en la etiqueta y aplicada secuencialmente (cada 7 días) ya sea dos ó tres veces. La dosis de 0.25X (70.1g ia/ha) de bromoxynil proporcionó el mayor control (95%) de Chenopodium album L. Las dosis de 0.25X de bromoxynil y oxyfluorfen (70.1 g ia/ha) proporcionaron los mejores controles (93 y 85% respectivamente) de Amaranthus retroflexus L. Las micro-dosis de metribuzin o acifluorfen no controlaron efectivamente a Chenopodium álbum L ni a Amaranthus retroflexus L. En 2006, no se observó daño alguno en la cebolla. Sin embargo, en 2007, las aplicaciones de oxyfluorfen causaron un daño aproximado de 15%, indistintamente de la dosis del herbicida o del número de aplicaciones. Las plantas dejaron de presentar síntomas a la cuarta semana después del tratamiento y fueron similares al testigo no tratado. La cebolla tratada con oxyfluorfen exhibió el mayor rendimiento total, seguido por el tratamiento con bromoxynil. La cebolla tratada con acifluorfen registró un alto rendimiento total de bulbo comercializable, que la que fue tratada con metribuzin, pero el rendimiento fue considerado pobre comparado con cualquiera de los otros tratamientos de herbicida. Tres aplicaciones de micro-dosis proporcionaron un mejor control de maleza e incrementaron el rendimiento, comparado con dos aplicaciones promediado a través de herbicidas y dosis. Los resultados sugieren que aplicaciones de micro-dosis de bromoxynil y oxyfluorfen en cultivo de cebolla, proporcionarán un control de maleza de hoja ancha, de crecimiento temprano.

Keywords

Acifluorfenbromoxynilmetribuzinoxyfluorfencommon lambsquartersChenopodium album L. CHEALredroot pigweedAmaranthus retroflexus L. AMAREonionAllium cepa L.Onionweed controlmicrorate
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , June 2010 , pp. 153 - 159
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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