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Accepted manuscript

Optimizing metribuzin rates for herbicide-resistant Amaranthus weed control in soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 September 2025

Rishabh Singh
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Aaron Hager
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
Sarah Lancaster*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Jason K. Norsworthy
Affiliation:
Distinguished Professor, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Karla Gage
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
William Johnson
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Bryan Young
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Daniel Stephenson
Affiliation:
Professor, Dean Lee Research and Extension Center, Louisiana State University, Alexandria, LA, USA
Jason Bond
Affiliation:
Professor, Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, 0, USA
Kevin Bradley
Affiliation:
Professor, Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Amit Jhala
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Alyssa Essman
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Lawrence E. Steckel
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
Thomas C. Mueller
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
Christy Sprague
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Travis Legleiter
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
Rodrigo Werle
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Joseph Ikley
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
Prashant Jha
Affiliation:
Professor, School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Mithila Jugulam*
Affiliation:
Professor and Center Director, Texas A&M University, Beaumont, TX, USA
*
Authors for correspondence: Mithila Jugulam, Email: m.jugulam@ag.tamu.edu; Sarah Lancaster, Email: slancaster@ksu.edu
Authors for correspondence: Mithila Jugulam, Email: m.jugulam@ag.tamu.edu; Sarah Lancaster, Email: slancaster@ksu.edu
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Abstract

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Palmer amaranth and waterhemp are troublesome weeds in U.S. corn, soybean, and cotton production systems. Rapid evolution of resistance to herbicide from multiple sites of action in these species warrant alternate weed control options. Metribuzin applied preemergence can provide effective control of herbicide-resistant Amaranthus species. However, despite its decades of efficacy, many growers remain unaware of its weed control potential or are hesitant to use it due to concerns over crop injury. Field experiments were conducted in 2022 and 2023 in 15 states across the United States to investigate residual control of Palmer amaranth and waterhemp with metribuzin applied preemergence to soybean. Sites had either herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth or waterhemp as the dominant weed species. Seventeen preemergence treatments were evaluated, including 13 doses of metribuzin (210 to 841 g ai ha−1), a dose of sulfentrazone (420 g ai ha−1), and a dose of S-metolachlor (1,790 g ai ha−1), along with nontreated and a weed-free control plots. Weed control and soybean injury were visually assessed and recorded at 14, 28, and 42 d after application (DAA) of preemergence herbicides. Additionally, weed density, weed biomass, and soybean height were recorded 28 DAA followed by a measure of soybean yield at maturity. Weed control was analyzed as a function of metribuzin dose and environmental factors using a generalized additive model. Crop injury of not more than 5% was predicted even with 841 g ai ha−1 of metribuzin. Metribuzin at 630 g ai ha−1 was more effective than sulfentrazone in delaying weed emergence and reducing weed density, while 315 g ai ha−1 of metribuzin outperformed S-metolachlor in both metrics. Metribuzin doses of 578 to 841 g ai ha−1 provided greater than 95%, 90%, and 80% weed control, respectively, at 14, 28, and 42 DAA. Higher metribuzin doses of 578 to 841 g ai ha−1 may be used safely to effectively control herbicide-resistant Amaranthus weeds.

Information

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America