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Relative Dissipation of Acetochlor, Alachlor, Metolachlor, and SAN 582 from Three Surface Soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Thomas C. Mueller ,
David R. Shaw  and
William W. Witt
Thomas C. Mueller*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37901
David R. Shaw
Affiliation:
Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-9555
William W. Witt
Affiliation:
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: tmueller@utk.edu
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Abstract

The dissipation of four commonly used soil-applied herbicides was examined in a standardized field experiment in three southern states (Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee). Averaged over the three soils and 2 yr, the relative order of increasing half-life defined as time for 50% disappearance in days (DT50) was acetochlor (6.3 d) = alachlor (6.3 d) = SAN 582 (7.3 d) < metolachlor (13.7 d). Metolachlor was the most persistent in the soil surface, and this could potentially translate into greater duration of weed control into the growing season. All examined herbicides had a DT50 that averaged less than 14 d in all states in both years, so full-season weed control of susceptible species would not be expected. Rapid herbicide degradation was encouraged in these field sites by adequate to excessive soil moisture and warm temperatures throughout the sampling interval. The soils also were light textured, and the lower adsorption of the herbicide allowed for degradation ease and perhaps leaching below the sampling depth.

Keywords

Acetochlor, 2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl) acetamidealachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamideSAN 582 (proposed common name, dimethenamid), 2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-N (methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamidemetolachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamideDegradationdimethenamidDAT, days after treatmentDT50, time in days for 50% disappearancek, first-order dissipation rate constant
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , June 1999 , pp. 341 - 346
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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