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Response of Acetolactate Synthase–Resistant Grain Sorghum to Nicosulfuron Plus Rimsulfuron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

D. Shane Hennigh ,
Kassim Al-Khatib  and
Mitchell R. Tuinstra
D. Shane Hennigh
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
Kassim Al-Khatib*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
Mitchell R. Tuinstra
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: khatib@kalkhatib@ucdavis.edu.
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Abstract

The lack of POST herbicides to control grasses in grain sorghum prompted researchers to develop acetolactate synthase (ALS)–resistant grain sorghum. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the differential response of ALS-resistant grain sorghum to POST application of nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron applied at three growth stages. ALS-resistant grain sorghum was treated with 0, 13 + 7, 26 + 13, 39 + 20, 52 + 26, 65 + 33, 78 + 39, and 91 + 46 g ai ha−1 of nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron when plants were at the three- to five-leaf, seven- to nine-leaf, or 11- to 13-leaf stage. In general, as nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron rates increased, visible injury increased at the three- to five-leaf and seven- to nine-leaf stages. Injury was greatest 1 wk after treatment for the three- to five-leaf and seven- to nine-leaf stages across all ratings, and plants then began to recover. No injury was observed at any rating time for the 11- to 13-leaf stage. Plant height and sorghum grain yield were reduced as nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron rates increased when applied at the three- to five-leaf stage. However, nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron applied at the seven- to nine-leaf and 11- to 13-leaf stages did not decrease sorghum yield. This research indicated that nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron application at the three- to five-leaf stage injured ALS-resistant grain sorghum; however, application at the seven- to nine-leaf or 11- to 13-leaf stages did not result in grain yield reduction.

La falta de herbicidas POST para el control de hierbas en el cultivo del Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench., motivó a los cultivadores para desarrollar una variedad resistente al acetolactate synthase (ALS). Se llevaron al cabo experimentos de campo para evaluar la respuesta diferencial del Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. resistente a ALS a la aplicación POST de nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron aplicados en tres etapas de crecimiento. El Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench., resistente a ALS fue tratado con 0, 13 + 7, 26 + 13, 39 + 20, 52 + 26, 65 + 33, 78 + 39 y 91 + 46 g ia ha−1 de nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron cuando las plantas estaban en etapas de tres a cinco, de siete a nueve ó de 11 a 13 hojas. En general, como las dosis de nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron se incrementaron, el daño visible aumentó en las etapas de 3 a 5 y de 7 a 9 hojas de crecimiento. El daño mayor ocurrió 1 semana después del tratamiento en las etapas de 3 a 5 y de 7 a 9 hojas a todas las dosis y después las plantas se empezaron a recuperar. No se observó daño en la etapa de 11 a 13 hojas. La altura de la planta y el rendimiento del Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench., se redujeron al incrementar las dosis de nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron aplicadas en las etapas de 3 a 5 hojas. Sin embargo, no se redujo el rendimiento, cuando se aplicó el nicosulfuron +rimsulfuron en las etapas de 7 a 9 y de 11 a 13 hojas. Esta investigación indicó que la aplicación de nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron en la etapa de 3 a 5 hojas dañó el Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench., resistente al ALS. Sin embargo, la aplicación en la etapa de 7 a 9 ó de 11 a 13 hojas no resultó en una disminución en el rendimiento del grano.

Keywords

Nicosulfuronrimsulfurongrain sorghumSorghum bicolor (L.) MoenchALS-inhibiting herbicidessulfonylureaherbicide-resistant cropstolerance
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2010 , pp. 411 - 415
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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