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Seed treatments alleviate dormancy of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 August 2018

Renci Xiong ,
Ying Wang ,
Hanwen Wu ,
Yan Ma ,
Weili Jiang  and
Xiaoyan Ma
Renci Xiong
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alaer, China
Ying Wang
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alaer, China
Hanwen Wu
Affiliation:
Principal Weeds Research Scientist, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
Yan Ma
Affiliation:
Professor, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
Weili Jiang
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
Xiaoyan Ma*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
*
Author for correspondence: Xiaoyan Ma, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China. (Email: maxy_caas@126.com)
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Abstract

Field bindweed, a member of the Convolvulaceae family, is a problematic perennial weed in cotton fields and orchards in northwest China. The species exhibits strong seed dormancy, causing delayed germination. A clear understanding of the mechanisms involved in alleviating seed dormancy is important for effective plant propagation and successful management of field bindweed. Experiments were conducted to investigate seed germination and radicle growth of field bindweed by breaking seed dormancy using mechanical scarification, sulfuric acid, hot-water scarification, cold stratification, and chemical treatment. Chemical treatments (gibberellic acid or potassium nitrate) had no effect on breaking seed dormancy, whereas mechanical scarification (sandpaper and blade) resulted in 92% to 98% seed germination, indicating that seed dormancy of field bindweed was mainly due to the presence of a hard seed coat. Seeds pretreated with 80% sulfuric acid for 15 to 60 min or 98% sulfuric acid for 15 to 30 min had germination rates above 80%, and soaking seeds in 70 C water for 4 to 16 min or in boiling water for 5 to 20s were effective in breaking seed dormancy but had no effect on the radicle growth of field bindweed. Cold stratification at 5 C for 2 to 8wk partially accelerated seed dormancy release, resulting in 53% to 67% seed germination. Results indicated that field bindweed could potentially form a persistent soil seed bank with physically dormant seed; therefore, strategies for eliminating seed production should be adopted.

Keywords

Amit Jhala, University of Nebraska, LincolnField bindweedConvolvulus arvensis L.Dormancy breakinggerminationseed treatmenthard seed coat
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 32 , Issue 5 , October 2018 , pp. 564 - 569
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

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