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Sulfonylurea Herbicide Safety on Newly Sprigged Bermudagrass and Seashore Paspalum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Aaron J. Patton ,
Jon M. Trappe ,
Ronald E. Strahan  and
Jeffrey S. Beasley
Aaron J. Patton*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, Fayetteville, AR 72701
Jon M. Trappe
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, Fayetteville, AR 72701
Ronald E. Strahan
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Louisiana State University Agriculture Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
Jeffrey S. Beasley
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Louisiana State University Agriculture Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ajpatton@purdue.edu.
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Abstract

Several sulfonylurea herbicides are labeled for use on established bermudagrass or seashore paspalum, but label recommendations for many of these chemicals vary for sprigged turf. The objective of this study was to determine the safety of various sulfonylurea herbicides on newly planted, ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass and ‘Aloha’ seashore paspalum sprigs in Arkansas and Louisiana. Treatments were arranged as a five by two by two factorial with five herbicides (foramsulfuron at 29 and 59 g ai ha−1, halosulfuron at 35 and 70 g ai ha−1, metsulfuron at 21 and 42 g ai ha−1, sulfosulfuron at 66 and 131 g ai ha−1, and trifloxysulfuron at 28 and 56 g ai ha−1), two herbicide rates (low and high), and two application timings at 2 or 4 wk after sprigging (WAS). There was no discernable herbicide injury to, or reduction in, Tifway bermudagrass coverage in Arkansas, regardless of herbicide, application timing, or application rate. Trifloxysulfuron and metsulfuron were more injurious than other herbicides in Louisiana when applied at 2 WAS to Tifway bermudagrass, but injury levels were acceptable (< 15%), and there was no long-term reduction in establishment. Metsulfuron or halosulfuron applied at 2 or 4 WAS and sulfosulfuron applied at 4 WAS allowed > 90% establishment of Aloha seashore paspalum at both locations. Both trifloxysulfuron and foramsulfuron were injurious to seashore paspalum and reduced its establishment. These results suggest that sulfonylurea herbicides can be safely applied shortly after sprigging to Tifway bermudagrass and that metsulfuron, halosulfuron, and sulfosulfuron could be useful herbicides for establishing Aloha seashore paspalum from sprigs.

Varios de los herbicidas con sulfonylurea están etiquetados para su uso en Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis o Paspalum vaginatum Swartz ya establecido pero las recomendaciones para muchos de estos químicos varían cuando se utilizan para brotes de césped. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la seguridad de varios herbicidas con sulfonylurea en lotes recién sembrados de ‘Tifway’ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis y ‘Aloha’ Paspalum vaginatum Swartz en Arkansas y Luisiana. Los tratamientos fueron diseñados como un factorial de cinco por dos por dos con cinco herbicidas (foramsulfuron a 29 y 59 g ha−1, halosulfuron a 35 y 70 g ha−1, metsulfuron a 21 y 42 g ha−1, sulfosulfuron a 66 y 131 g ha−1, y trifloxysulfuron a 28 y 56 g ha−1), dos dosis de herbicida (baja y alta) y dos tiempos de aplicación a las 2 ó 4 semanas después del espigamiento (WAS). No se observó daño ó reducción atribuible al herbicida en la plantación del ‘Tifway’ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis en Arkansas independientemente del herbicida, el tiempo de aplicación o la dosis. El trifloxysulfuron y metsulfuron fueron más dañinos que los otros herbicidas en Luisiana cuando se aplicaron 2 WAS a la ‘Tifway’ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis, pero los niveles de daño fueron aceptables (< 15%) y no hubo reducción a lo largo del plazo en el establecimiento de la plantación. El Metsulfuron o halosulfuron aplicados a las 2 ó 4 WAS, y el sulfosulfuron aplicado a las 4 WAS permitieron > 90% el establecimiento de ‘Aloha’ Paspalum vaginatum Swartz en ambas locaciones. Tanto el trifloxysulfuron como el foramsulfuron fueron dañinos para la Paspalum vaginatum Swartz y redujeron el establecimiento de la plantación. Estos resultados sugieren que los herbicidas con sulfonylurea pueden ser aplicados con seguridad poco después del espigamiento de ‘Tifway’ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis y que el metsulfuron, el halosulfuron, y el sulfosulfuron pueden herbicidas útiles para el establecimiento de ‘Aloha’ Paspalum vaginatum Swartz partiendo de la siembra con material vegetativo.

Keywords

Foramsulfuronhalosulfuronmetsulfuronsulfosulfurontrifloxysulfuronhybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy ‘Tifway’ CYNDAseashore paspalum, Paspalum vaginatum Sw. ‘Aloha’ PASVAEstablishmentinjuryrenovationsprigstoleranceturf
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 342 - 348
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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