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Acute exposure to ergot alkaloids from endophyte-infected tall fescue does not alter absorptive or barrier function of the isolated bovine ruminal epithelium*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2014

A. P. Foote ,
G. B. Penner ,
M. E. Walpole ,
J. L. Klotz ,
K. R. Brown ,
L. P. Bush  and
D. L. Harmon
A. P. Foote
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0215, USA
G. B. Penner
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, S7N 5A8
M. E. Walpole
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, S7N 5A8
J. L. Klotz
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
K. R. Brown
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
L. P. Bush
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0312, USA
D. L. Harmon*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0215, USA
*
†E-mail: dharmon@uky.edu
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Abstract

Ergot alkaloids in endophyte-infected (Neotyphodium coenophialum) tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) have been shown to cause a reduction in blood flow to the rumen epithelium as well as a decrease in volatile fatty acids (VFA) absorption from the washed rumen of steers. Previous data also indicates that incubating an extract of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed causes an increase in the amount of VFA absorbed per unit of blood flow, which could result from an alteration in the absorptive or barrier function of the rumen epithelium. An experiment was conducted to determine the acute effects of an endophyte-infected tall fescue seed extract (EXT) on total, passive or facilitated acetate and butyrate flux across the isolated bovine rumen as well as the barrier function measured by inulin flux and tissue conductance (Gt). Flux of ergovaline across the rumen epithelium was also evaluated. Rumen tissue from the caudal dorsal sac of Holstein steers (n=6), fed a common diet, was collected and isolated shortly after slaughter and mounted between two halves of Ussing chambers. In vitro treatments included vehicle control (80% methanol, 0.5% of total volume), Low EXT (50 ng ergovaline/ml) and High EXT (250 ng ergovaline/ml). Results indicate that there is no effect of acute exposure to ergot alkaloids on total, passive or facilitated flux of acetate or butyrate across the isolate bovine rumen epithelium (P>0.51). Inulin flux (P=0.16) and Gt (P>0.17) were not affected by EXT treatment, indicating no alteration in barrier function due to acute ergot alkaloid exposure. Ergovaline was detected in the serosal buffer of the High EXT treatment indicating that the flux rate is ~0.25 to 0.44 ng/cm2 per hour. Data indicate that specific pathways for VFA absorption and barrier function of the rumen epithelium are not affected by acute exposure to ergot alkaloids from tall fescue at the concentrations tested. Ergovaline has the potential to be absorbed from the rumen of cattle that could contribute to reduced blood flow and motility and lead to reduced growth rates of cattle.

Keywords

bovineergovaline absorptionfescue toxicosisvolatile fatty acid absorption
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 8 , Issue 7 , July 2014 , pp. 1106 - 1112
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2014 

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Footnotes

*

Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or specified equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be available.

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