No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Comment on Greg Woolf's ‘Generations of aristocracy’ and Jan Slofstra's ‘Batavians and Romans’
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 January 2009
Extract
Both Greg Woolf and Jan Slofstra have written articles that consider the theoretical agendas of archaeologists constructing narratives of the early Roman period. Then, both go on to construct their own narratives of change in two contiguous, but rather different areas of temperate Europe. In general I find the first part of their narratives as constructed more theoretically in harmony than their discourse on theory would suggest. I would like to pick up on three themes which I felt cross both papers: first on the nature of memory and kingship; secondly on the issue of Romanisation; and finally on the development of rural settlement or ‘villas’.
Information
- Type
- Discussion
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © The Author(s) 2002
References
Aarts, J.G., 2000: Coins or money? Exploring the monetization and functions of Roman coinage in Belgic Gaul and Lower Germany 50 B.C.-A.D. 450, Amsterdam (Ph.D. Thesis, Vrije Universiteit).Google Scholar
Albers, P.C., 1996: Changing patterns of ethnicity in the northern plains, 1780–1870, in Hill, J.D. (ed.), History, power, and identity. Ethnogenesis in the Americas, 1492-1992, Iowa City,90–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alcock, S.E., 2001: The reconfiguration of memory in the eastern Roman Empire, in Alcock, S.E., D'Altroy, T.N., Morrison, K.D. and Sinopoli, C.M. (eds), Empires. Perspectives from archaeology and history, Cambridge, 323–350.Google Scholar
Alcock, S.E., D'Altroy, T.N., Morrison, K.D. and Sinopoli, C.M. (eds), 2001: Empires. Perspectives from archaeology and history, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Anderson, B., 1991: Imagined communities. Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism, second revised edition, London.Google Scholar
Ando, C., 2000: Imperial ideology and provincial loyalty in the Roman Empire, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Barrett, J.C, 1992: Romanization. A critical comment, in Mattingly, D.J. (ed.), Dialogues in Roman imperialism. Power, discourse and discrepant experience in the Roman Empire, Portsmouth RI (Journal of Roman Archaeology supplementary series 23), 51–64.Google Scholar
Barrett, J.C., 1997: Theorising Roman archaeology, in Meadows, K., Lemke, C. and Heron, J. (eds), TRAC 96. Proceedings of the sixth annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, Sheffield 1996,Oxford, 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrett, J.C., Fitzpatrick, A.P. and Macinnes, L. (eds), 1989: Barbarians and Romans in northwest Europe from the later republic to late antiquity, Oxford (British Archaeological Reports international series 471).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayard, D. and Collart, J.-L. (eds), 1996: De la ferme indigène à la villa romaine. La romanisation des campagnes en Gaule, Amiens (Revue Archaeologique de Picardie numéro special 11).Google Scholar
Bellen, H., 1981: Die germanische Leibwache der römischen Kaiser des julisch-claudischen Hauses, Wiesbaden (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz, Abhandlungen der geistes- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse, Jahrgang 81, Nr.1).Google Scholar
Blagg, T.F.C. and King, A.C. (eds), 1984: Military and civilian in Roman Britain. Cultural relationships in a frontier province, Oxford (British Archaeological Reports international series 130).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blagg, T.F.C. and Millett, M. (eds), 1990: The early Roman empire in the west, Oxford.Google Scholar
Bogaers, J.E., 1960/1961: Civitas en stad van de Bataven en Canninefaten, Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek 10–11, 263–317.Google Scholar
Bowman, A., and Thomas, J., 1994: The Vindolanda writing tablets. Tabulae Vindolandenses II, London.Google Scholar
Brandt, R. and Slofstra, J. (eds), 1983: Roman and native in the low countries. Spheres of interaction, Oxford (British Archaeological Reports international series 184).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braudel, F., 1949: La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l'époque de Philippe II, Paris.Google Scholar
Braund, D., 1980: The Aedui, Troy and the Apocolocyntosis, Classical quarterly 30, 402–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braund, D., 1984: Rome and the friendly king. The character of client kingship, London and New York.Google Scholar
Brumfiel, E. and Fox, J.W. (eds). 1994: Factional competition and political development in the New World, Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brunt, P.A., 1976: The Romanization of the local ruling classes in the Roman Empire, in Brunt, P.A. 1990: Roman imperial themes, Oxford, 267–281, 515–517.Google Scholar
Buitendorp, T., 1982: Een Romeinse stad bij Voorburg-Arentsburg. Een interpretatie, Westerheem 31, 142–163.Google Scholar
Caldelli, M.L., 1997: Gli agoni nelle regioni occidentali dell'impero. La Gallia Narbonensis, Memorie delle Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Classe de Scienze morali, storiche e filologiche IX.9.4, 387–481.Google Scholar
Clarke, K., 1999: Between geography and history. Hellenistic constructions of the Hellenistic world, Oxford.Google Scholar
Clifford, J., 1988: The predicament of culture. Twentieth century ethnography, literature and art, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Clifford, J. and Marcus, G.E. (eds), 1986: Writing culture. The poetics and politics of ethnography, Berkeley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cliquet, D., Remy-Watte, H., Guichard, V. and Vaginay, M. (eds), 1993: Les Celtes en Normandie. Les rites funeraires en Gaule (IIIème - Ier s. av. J.-C.), Rennes (Actes du 14ième colloque de l'AFEAF Evreux 1990, Revue Archéologique de I'Ouest supplément 6).Google Scholar
Colin, A., 1998: Chronologie des oppida de la Gaule non méditerranéenne. Contribution de l'étude des habitats de la fin de l'âge du Fer, Paris (Documents d'Archéologie Française 71).Google Scholar
Colin, A., Fichtl, S. and Buchsenschutz, O., 1995: Die ideologische Bedeutung der Architektur der Oppida nach der Eroberung Galliens, in Metzler, J., Millett, M., Roymans, N. and Slofstra, J. (eds), Integration in the early Roman West. The role of culture and ideology, Luxembourg (Dossiers d'archéologie du Musée National d'Histoire et d'Art 4), 159–167.Google Scholar
Creighton, J.D. and Wilson, R.J.A. (eds), 1999: Roman Germany. Studies in cultural integration, Portsmouth RI (Journal of Roman Archaeology supplementary series 32).Google Scholar
Crummy, P., 1997: City of victory. The story of Colchester – Britain's first Roman town, Colchester.Google Scholar
Czysz, W., 1989: Ausgrabungen in einem römischen Gutshof bei Oberndorf a. Lech, Das archäologische Jahr in Bayern 1987, 133–140.Google Scholar
Daunton, M. and Halpern, R. (eds), 1999: Empire and others. British encounters with indigenous peoples, 1600-1850, Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Deagan, K. 2001: Dynamics of imperial adjustment in Spanish America. Ideology and social integration, in Alcock, S.E., D'Altroy, T.N., Morrison, K.D. and Sinopoli, C.M. (eds), Empires. Perspectives from archaeology and history, Cambridge, 179–194.Google Scholar
Deetz, J. 1977: In small things forgotten. The archaeology of early American life, New York.Google Scholar
Derks, T., 1998: Gods, temples and ritual practices. The transformation of religious ideas and values in Roman Gaul, Amsterdam (Amsterdam Archaeological Studies 2).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derks, T., and Roymans, N., (in press): Seal-boxes and the spread of latin literacy in the Rhine delta, in Cooley, A. (ed.), Becoming Roman, writing Latin, Portsmouth RI (Journal of Roman Archaeology supplementary series).Google Scholar
Dommelen, P. van, 2001: Cultural imaginings. Punic tradition and local identity in Roman republican Sardinia, in Keay, S. and Terrenato, N. (eds), Italy and the west. Comparative issues in romanization, Oxford, 68–84.Google Scholar
Dondin-Payre, M. and Raepsaet-Charlier, M.-Th., 1999: Cités, municipes, colonies. Les processus de municipalisation en Gaule et en Germanie sous le Haut Empire romain, Paris.Google Scholar
Duval, A., Morel, J.-P. and Roman, Y. (eds), 1990: Gaule interne et Gaule méditerranéenne aux IIe et Ier siècles avant J.C. Confrontations chronologiques, Paris (Revue Archéologique de Narbonnaise supplément 21).Google Scholar
Dyson, S., 1975: Native revolt patterns in the Roman Empire, in Temporini, H. and Haase, W., Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt II.3, Berlin, 138–175.Google Scholar
Eck, W., and Galsterer, H. (eds), 1991: Die Stadt in Oberitalien und in den nordwestlichen Provinzen des römischen Reiches, Mainz.Google Scholar
Elsner, J., 1995: Art and the Roman viewer. The transformation of art from the pagan world to late antiquity, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Ferdière, A. (ed.), 1993: Monde des morts, monde des vivants en Gaule rurale (Ier s. av.- Ve s. ap. J.-C), Tours (Actes du Colloque ARCHEA/ AGER, Février 1992 = Revue Archéologique du Centre supplément 6).Google Scholar
Ferdière, A., and Villard, A., 1993: La tombe augustéenne de Fléré-la-Rivière (Indre) et les sépultures aristocratiques de la cité des Bituriges, Saint Marcel (Revue Archéologique du Centre supplément 7).Google Scholar
Ferguson, R.B., and Whitehead, N.L. (eds), 1992: War in the tribal zone. Expanding states and indigenous warfare, Sante Fe.Google Scholar
Forcey, C., 1998: Whatever happened to the heroes? in Forcey, C., Hawthorne, J., and Witcher, R. (eds), TRAC 97. Proceedings of the seventh annual theoretical archaeology conference, Nottingham 1997,Oxford, 87–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fulford, M., 2001: Link with the past. Pervasive ‘ritual’ behaviour in Roman Britain, Britannia 32, 199–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabler, D., 1991: The survival of late La Tène settlements in the Roman period, in Maxfield, V.A. and Dobson, M.J. (eds), Roman frontier studies 1989, Exeter, 424–431.Google Scholar
Giddens, A., 1979: Central problems in social theory. Action, structure and contradiction in social analysis, London and Berkeley.Google Scholar
Giddens, A., 1984: The constitution of society. Outline of the theory of structuration, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Goldhill, S., and Osborne, R.G. (eds), 1994: Art and text in ancient Greek culture, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Goudineau, Chr., 1996: Gaul, in Cambridge ancient history, second edition Vol. 10, Cambridge, 464–502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guichard, V., Sievers, S. and Urban, O.H., 2000: Les processus d'urbanisation à l'âge du Fer, Glux-en-Glenne (Bibracte 4).Google Scholar
Haffner, A., 1989: Zum Totenbrauchtum der Kelten und Römer am Beispiel des Treverer-Gräberfeldes Wederath-Belginum, Mainz.Google Scholar
Haselgrove, C.C., 1987: Culture process on the periphery. Belgic Gaul and Rome during the Late Republic, in Rowlands, M., Larsen, M. and Kristiansen, K. (eds), Centre and periphery in the ancient world. Cambridge, 104–124.Google Scholar
Haverfield, F., 1905: The romanization of Roman Britain, Proceedings of the British Academy 2, 185–217.Google Scholar
Hermon, E., 1993: Rome et la Gaule Transalpine avant César. 125-59 av. J-C., Naples (Diaphora 3).Google Scholar
Hill, J.D., 1996: Introduction, in Hill, J.D. (ed.), History, power, and identity. Ethnogenesis in the Americas, 1492-1992, Iowa City, 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, J.D., 1997: The end of one kind of body and the beginning of another kind of body? Toilet instruments and ‘Romanization’ in southern England during the first century AD, in Gwilt, A. and Haselgrove, C.C. (eds), Reconstructing Iron Age societies, Oxford (Oxbow monographs 71), 96–107.Google Scholar
Hill, J.D., 2001: Romanisation, gender and class. Recent approaches to identity in Britain and their possible consequences, in James, S. and Millett, M. (eds), Britons and Romans. Advancing an archaeological agenda, London (Council for British Archaeology research report 125), 12–18.Google Scholar
Hingley, R., 1996: The ‘legacy’ of Rome. The rise, decline and fall of the theory of romanization, in Webster, J. and Cooper, N. (eds), Roman imperialism. Post-colonial perspectives, Leicester (Archaeology monographs 3), 35–48.Google Scholar
Hingley, R., 1997: Resistance and domination. Social change in Roman Britain, in Mattingly, D.J. (ed.), Dialogues in Roman imperialism, Portsmouth RI (Journal of Roman Archaeology supplementary series 23), 81–102.Google Scholar
Hodder, I., 1986: Reading the past. Current approaches to interpretation in archaeology, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Hopkins, K., 1980: Taxes and trade in the Roman Empire (200 B.C. - A.D 200), Journal of Roman studies 70, 101–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huskinson, J. (ed.), 2000: Experiencing Rome. Culture, identity and power in the Roman Empire, London.Google Scholar
Jones, R.F.J., Bloemers, J.H.F., Dyson, S.L., and Biddle, M. (eds), 1988: First millennium papers. Western Europe in the first millenium A.D., Oxford (British Archaeological Reports international series 401).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keay, S., and Terrenato, N. (eds), 2001: Italy and the west. Comparative issues in romanization, Oxford..Google Scholar
King, A.C., 1999: Diet in the Roman world. A regional inter-site comparison of the mammal bones, Journal of Roman archaeology 12, 168–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koster, A., 1993: Ein reich ausgestattetes Waffengrab des 1. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. aus Nijmegen, in Struck, M. (ed.), Römerzeitliche Gräber als Quellen zu Religion, Bevölkerungsstruktur und Sozialgeschichte, Mainz, 293–296.Google Scholar
Krier, J., 1981: Die Treverer außerhalb ihrer Civitas. Mobilität und Aufstieg, Trier (Trierer Zeitschrift, Beiheft 5).Google Scholar
Laurence, R., 2001: Roman narratives. The writing of archaeological discourse – a view from Britain?, Archaeological dialogues 8, 90–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laurence, R., and Berry, J. (eds), 1998: Cultural identity in the Roman Empire, London and New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Roux, P., 1982: L'armée romaine et l'organisation des provinces ibériques d'Auguste à l'invasion de 409, Paris.Google Scholar
Mattingly, D.J. (ed.), 1997: Dialogues in Roman imperialism. Power, discourse and discrepant experience in the Roman Empire, Portsmouth RI (Journal of Roman Archaeology supplementary series 23).Google Scholar
Maurin, L. (ed.), 1988: Les fouilles de ‘Ma Maison’. Etudes sur Saintes Antique, Paris (Aquitania supplément 3).Google Scholar
Merriman, N., 1987: Value and motivation in prehistory: the evidence for 'celtic spirit’, in Hodder, I. (ed.), The archaeology of contextual meaning, Cambridge, 111–116.Google Scholar
Metzler, J., 1998: Goeblingen-Nospelt, in Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde 12, 268–276.Google Scholar
Metzler, J., Waringo, R., Bis, R. and Metzler-Zens, N., 1991: Clemency et les tombes de l'aristocratie en Gaule Belgique, Luxembourg (Dossiers d'archéologie du Musée National d'Histoire et d'Art 1).Google Scholar
Millar, F.G.B., 1986: Politics, persuasion and the people before the Social War (150-90 BC), Journal of Roman studies 76, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millett, M., 1990: The romanization of Britain. An essay in archaeological interpretation, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Mommsen, T., 1885: Römische Geschichte V. Die Provinzen von Caesar bis Diocletian, Berlin.Google Scholar
Nash, D., 1976: Reconstructing Poseidonius' Celtic ethnography, Britannia 7, 111–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niblett, R., 1999: The excavation of a ceremonial site at Folly Lane, Verumalium, London (Britannia monograph series 14).Google Scholar
Nicolay, N., in press: Interpreting Roman military equipment and horse gear from non-military contexts. The role of veterans, Jahresbericht der Gesellschaft Pro Vindonissa 2001.Google Scholar
Nijf, O. van, 2001: Local heroes: athletics, festivals and self fashioning in the Roman East, in Goldhill, S. (ed.), Being Greek under Rome. Cultural identity, the second sophistic and the development of empire, Cambridge, 306–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noelke, P., 1998: Grabreliefs mit Mahldarstellung in den germanisch-gallischen Provinzen. Soziale und religiöse Aspekte, in Fasold, P. et al. (eds), Bestattungssitte und kulturelle Identität. Grabanlagen der frühen römischen Kaiserzeit in Italien und den Nordwest-Provinzen, Xanten (Xantener Berichte 7), 399–418.Google Scholar
North, J.A., 1990: Democratic politics in republican Rome, Past and present 126, 1–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okun, M.L., 1989: The early Roman frontier in the Upper Rhine area. Assimilation and acculturation on a Roman frontier, Oxford (British Archaeological Reports international series 547).Google Scholar
Ortner, S., 1984: Theory in anthropology since the sixties, Comparative studies in society and history 26, 126–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pelling, C., 2000: Fun with fragments. Athenaeus and the historians, in Braund, D. and Wilkins, J. (eds), Athenaeus and his world, Exeter, 171–90.Google Scholar
Ralston, I.B.M., 1988: Central Gaul at the Roman conquest. Conceptions and misconceptions, Antiquity 62, 786–794.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redfield, R., Linton, R. and Herskovits, M.J., 1936: Memorandum for the study of acculturation, American anthropologist 38, 149–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renfrew, A.C., 1975: Trade as action at a distance, in Renfrew, A.C., 1984: Approaches to social archaeology, Edinburgh, 86–134.Google Scholar
Revell, L., 1999: Constructing Romanitas. Roman public architecture and the archaeology of practice, in Baker, P., Forcey, C., Jundi, S. and Witcher, R. (eds), TRAC 1998. Proceedings of the eighth annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, Leicester 1998,Oxford, 52–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richardson, J. S., 1991: Imperium Romanum. Empire and the language of power, Journal of Roman studies 81, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rieckhoff, S., 1998: Ein ‘keltisches Symposium’. Spätrepublikanisches Bronzegeschirr vom Mont Beuvray als wirtschaftlicher und gesellschaftlicher Faktor, in Müller-Karpe, A., Brandt, H., Jöns, H., Krausse, D. and Wigg, A. (eds), Studien zur Archäologie der Kelten, Römer und Germanen in Mittel- und Westeuropa, Rahden/Westf, 489–518.Google Scholar
Roymans, N., 1990: Tribal societies in northern Gaul. An anthropological perspective, Amsterdam (Cingula 12).Google Scholar
Roymans, N., 1993: Romanisation and the transformation of a martial elite-ideology in a frontier province, in Brun, P., van der Leeuw, S. and Whittaker, C.R. (eds), Frontières d'empire. Nature et signification des frontières romaines, Nemours (Actes de la table ronde internationale de Nemours 1992, Mémoires du Musée de Préhistoire d'Ile-de-France 5), 33–50.Google Scholar
Roymans, N., 1996: The sword or the plough. Regional dynamics in the romanisation of Belgic Gaul and the Rhineland area, in Roymans, N. (ed.), From the sword to the plough. Three studies on the earliest Romanisation of northern Gaul, Amsterdam (Amsterdam Archaeological Studies 1), 9–126.Google Scholar
Roymans, N. (ed.), 1996: From the sword to the plough. Three studies on the earliest Romanisation of northern Gaul, Amsterdam (Amsterdam Archaeological Studies 1).Google Scholar
Roymans, N., 1998: Romeinse frontierpolitiek en de etnogenese van de Bataven, Amsterdam (inaugural lecture Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam).Google Scholar
Roymans, N., 2001: The Lower Rhine triquetrum coinages and the ethnogenesis of the Batavi, in Grünewald, T. (ed.), Germania inferior. Besiedllung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der Grenze der römisch-germanischen Welt, Berlin and New York (Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsband 28), 93–145.Google Scholar
Roymans, N., in press: Hercules and the construction of a Batavian identity in the context of the Roman Empire, in Derks, T. and Roymans, N. (eds), Ethnic constructs in antiquity. The role of power and tradition, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Roymans, N., and Aarts, J., press: Coins, warriors and the Batavian Hercules cult. Coin deposition in the sanctuary of Empel in the Lower Rhine region, in Haselgrove, C. and Wigg, D. (eds), Ritual and iron age coinage in north-west Europe, Frankfurt am Main (Studien zu Fundmiinzen der Antike).Google Scholar
Roymans, N., and Derks, T. (eds), 1994: De tempel van Empel. Een Herculesheiligdom in het woongebied van de Bataven, 's-Hertogenbosch.Google Scholar
Roymans, N., and van der Sanden, W.A.B., 1980: Celtic coins from the Netherlands and their archaeological context, Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek 30, 173–254.Google Scholar
Slofstra, J., 1983: An anthropological approach to the study of romanization processes, in Brandt, R.W. and Slofstra, J. (eds), Roman and native in the low countries. Spheres of interaction, Oxford (British Archaeological Reports international series 184), 71–104.Google Scholar
Slofstra, J., 1991: Changing settlement systems in the Meuse-Demer-Scheldt area during the early Roman period, in Roymans, N. and Theuws, F. (eds), Images of the past. Studies on ancient societies in northwestern Europe, Amsterdam, 131–199.Google Scholar
Slofstra, J., in prep.: The political geography of the Rhine-Danube frontier of the Roman empire.Google Scholar
Soricelli, G., 1995: La Gallia Transalpina tra la conquista e l'età Cesariana, Como (Biblioteca di Athenaeum 29).Google Scholar
Spawforth, A.J., and Walker, S. 1986: The world of the Panhelienion II. Three Dorian cities, Journal of Roman studies 76, 88–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terrenato, N., 1998a: Tam firmum municipium. The romanization of Volaterrae and its cultural implications, Journal of Roman studies 88, 94–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terrenato, N., 1998b: The romanization of Italy. Globalization or cultural bricolage? in Forcey, C., Hawthorne, J. and Witcher, R. (eds), TRAC 1997. Proceedings of the seventh annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, Nottingham 1997, Oxford, 20–27.Google Scholar
Terrenato, N., 2001: Introduction, in Keay, S. and Terrenato, N. (eds), Italy and the west. Comparative issues in romanization, Oxford, 1–5.Google Scholar
Urban, R., 1985: Der ‘Bataveraufstand’ und die Erhebung des Iulius Classicus, Trier (Trierer Historische Forschungen 8).Google Scholar
Webster, J., 1996: Roman imperialism and the ‘post imperial age’, in Webster, J. and Cooper, N. (eds), Roman imperialism. Post-colonial perspectives, Leicester (Leicester archaeology monographs 3), 1–17.Google Scholar
Webster, J., 1999: At the end of the world. Druidic and other revitalization movements in post-conquest Gaul and Britain, Britannia 30, 1–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, J., 2001: Creolizing the Roman provinces, American journal of archaeology 105, 209–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welch, K., and Powell, A. (eds), 1998: Julius Caesar as artful reporter. The war commentaries as political instruments, London and Swansea.Google Scholar
Wells, P.S., 2001: Beyond Celts, Germans and Scythians. Archaeology and identity in iron age Europe, London.Google Scholar
Wesselingh, D., 2000: Native neighbours. Local settlement system and social structure in the Roman period at Oss (the Netherlands), Leiden (Analecta Praehistorica Leidensia 32).Google Scholar
Whittaker, C.R. (ed.), 1988: Pastoral economies in classical antiquity, Cambridge (Cambridge philological society, suppl. 14).Google Scholar
Whittaker, C.R., 1994: Frontiers of the Roman empire. A social and economic study, Baltimore and London.Google Scholar
Whittaker, C.R., 1997: Imperialism and culture. The Roman initiative, in Mattingly, D.J. (ed.), Dialogues in Roman imperialism. Power, discourse, and discrepant experience in the Roman Empire, Portsmouth RI (Journal of Roman Archaeology supplementary series 23), 143–163.Google Scholar
Wieland, G., 1993: Spätkeltische Traditionen in Form und Verzierung römischer Grobkeramik, Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg 18, 61–70.Google Scholar
Willems, W.J.H., 1984: Romans and Batavians. A regional study in the Dutch eastern river area, Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek 32, 39–331.Google Scholar
Wolters, R., 1990: Römische Eroberung und Herrschaftsorganisation in Gallien und Germanien. Zur Entstehung und Bedeutung der sogenannten Klientel-Randstaaten, Bochum.Google Scholar
Woolf, G., 1992: The unity and diversity of Romanisation, Journal of Roman archaeology 5, 349–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woolf, G., 1993: The social significance of trade in late Iron Age Europe, in Scarre, C. and Healy, F. (eds), Trade and exchange in prehistoric Europe, Oxford, 211–218.Google Scholar
Woolf, G., 1995: The formation of Roman provincial cultures, in Metzler, J., Millett, M., Roymans, N. and Slofstra, J. (eds), Integration in the early Roman west. The role of culture and ideology, Luxemburg (Dossiers d'archéologie du Musée National d'Histoire 4), 9–18.Google Scholar
Woolf, G., 1996: The uses of forgetfulness in Roman Gaul in Gehrke, H.-J. and Möller, A. (eds), Vergangenheit und Lebenswelt. Soziale Kommunikation, Traditionsbildung und historisches Bewuβtsein, Tübingen (ScriptOralia 90), 361–381.Google Scholar
Woolf, G., 1998: Becoming Roman. The origins of provincial civilization in Gaul, Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woolf, G., 2000: Urbanization and its discontents in early Roman Gaul, in Fentress, E. (ed.), Romanization and the city. Creation, dynamics and failures. Proceedings of a conference in honour of the fiftieth anniversary of the excavations at Cosa, held in the American academy in Rome, 14-16 May 1998, Portsmouth RI (Journal of Roman Archaeology supplementary series 38), 115–132.Google Scholar
Woolf, G., 2001: The Roman cultural revolution in Gaul, in Keay, S. and Terrenato, N. (eds), Italy and the west. Comparative issues in romanization, Oxford, 173–186.Google Scholar