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Revisiting slope influence in turbulent bedload transport: consequences for vertical flow structure and transport rate scaling

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2018

Raphael Maurin Open the ORCID record for Raphael Maurin [Opens in a new window] ,
Julien Chauchat Open the ORCID record for Julien Chauchat [Opens in a new window]  and
Philippe Frey
Raphael Maurin*
Affiliation:
Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, F-31400 Toulouse, France
Julien Chauchat
Affiliation:
CNRS, UMR 5519, LEGI, F-38000 Grenoble, France Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LEGI, F-38000 Grenoble, France
Philippe Frey
Affiliation:
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Irstea, UR ETGR, 2 rue de la Papeterie-BP 76, F-38402 St-Martin-d’Hères, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: raphael.maurin@imft.fr
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Abstract

Gravity-driven turbulent bedload transport has been extensively studied over the past century in regard to its importance for Earth surface processes such as natural riverbed morphological evolution. In the present contribution, the influence of the longitudinal channel inclination angle on gravity-driven turbulent bedload transport is studied in an idealised framework considering steady and uniform flow conditions. From an analytical analysis based on the two-phase continuous equations, it is shown that: (i) the classical slope correction of the critical Shields number is based on an erroneous formulation of the buoyancy force, (ii) the influence of the slope is not restricted to the critical Shields number but affects the whole transport formula and (iii) pressure-driven and gravity-driven turbulent bedload transport are not equivalent from the slope influence standpoint. Analysing further the granular flow driving mechanisms, the longitudinal slope is shown to not only influence the fluid bed shear stress and the resistance of the granular bed, but also to affect the fluid flow inside the granular bed – responsible for the transition from bedload transport to debris flow. The relative influence of these coupled mechanisms allows us to understand the evolution of the vertical structure of the granular flow and to predict the transport rate scaling law as a function of a rescaled Shields number. The theoretical analysis is validated with coupled fluid–discrete element simulations of idealised gravity-driven turbulent bedload transport, performed over a wide range of Shields number values, density ratios and channel inclination angles. In particular, all the data are shown to collapse onto a master curve when considering the sediment transport rate as a function of the proposed rescaled Shields number.

JFM classification

Granular media: Granular media Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow Geophysical and Geological Flows: Sediment transport

Information

Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 839 , 25 March 2018 , pp. 135 - 156
Copyright
© 2018 Cambridge University Press 

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Footnotes

Since original publication we have corrected the author affiliations by adding affiliation no. 4. See doi:10.1017/jfm.2018.121.

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