Abbreviations

A1P1

Article 1 of the First Protocol of the ECHR

AFO

Account Forfeiture Order

AFrO

Account Freezing Order

AML

Anti-money laundering

AMLA

Anti-Money Laundering Act

AMR

Antimicrobial resistance

APA

Administrative Procedure Act

BDA

Banco Delta Asia

BIS

Bank for International Settlements

BNPP

BNP Paribas SA

BSA

Bank Secrecy Act

CACR

Cuban Assets Control Regulations

CASI

Campaign Against Sanctions on Iraq

CBI

Central Bank of Iran

CEDAW

United Nations Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

CERD

International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination

CESR

Center for Economic and Social Rights

CESCR

Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

CETIM

Centre d’Études, de Recherches et d’Information sur le Mal-développement (Center for Studies, Research and Information on Maldevelopment)

CFR

Code of Federal Regulations

CFT

Countering the financing of terrorism

CGAP

Consultative Group to Assist the Poor

CIA

Central Intelligence Agency

CISADA

Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act

CJEU

Court of Justice of the European Union

CLAPS

Comité Local de Abastecimiento y Producción (Local Committees for Supply and Production)

CMP

Conditional mixed process

COAR

Center for Operational Analysis and Research

CTLA

Center for Tax Law and Administration

DPRK

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

ECHR

European Convention on Human Rights

ECJ

European Court of Justice

ECtHR

European Court of Human Rights

ENCOVI

Encuesta Nacional de Condiciones de Vida (National Survey of Living Conditions)

ESAAMLG

Eastern and Southern Africa Anti-money Laundering Group

EU

European Union

FAO

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

FAOSTAT

FAO Statistics

FATF

Financial Action Task Force

FCA

Financial Conduct Authority

FinCEN

Financial Crimes Enforcement Network

FOIA

Freedom of Information Act

GAO

Government Accountability Office

GATT

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

GAVI

Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization

GIABA

Inter-governmental Action Group against Money-Laundering

GRI

Global Investigations Review

HMRC

HM Revenue and Customs

IAN

Information Assistance Notices

IBK

Industrial Bank of Korea

ICAO

International Civil Aviation Organization

ICC

International Criminal Court

ICCPR

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

ICERD

International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination

ICESCR

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

ICJ

International Court of Justice

ICRC

International Committee of the Red Cross

IEEPA

International Emergency Economic Powers Act

IFCA

Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act

IFI

International financial institutions

IFRC

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

IHL

International humanitarian law

ILC

International Law Commission

ILO

International Labour Organization

IMF

International Monetary Fund

INGO

International nongovernment organizations

INIE

Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Económicas (National Institute of Economic Research)

IPI

International Peace Institute

IT

Information technology

ITRA

Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act

IVTS

Informal Value Transfer Systems

JCPOA

Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action

JME

World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates

KCNA

Korean Central News Agency

KDI

Korea Development Institute

KFB

Korea Federation of Banks

KITA

Korea International Trade Association

KOSTI

Korea Strategic Trade Institute

KOTRA

Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency

KYC

Know Your Customer

LNOB

Leave No One Behind

MLR

Money Laundering Regulations

MSB

Money Service Businesses

MTO

Money transfer operators

NBI

Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas (Unmet Basic Needs)

NCA

National Constituent Assembly

NDAA

National Defense Authorization Act

NGO

Nongovernmental organization

NIMA

Integrated Foreign Currency Trading System

OCHA

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

OFAC

Office of Foreign Assets Control

OFFP

Oil for Food Programme

OFSI

Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation

OGT

Office of Global Targeting

OHCHR

Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights

ONEI

Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas e Información (National Office of Statistics and Information)

OP

operative paragraph

OSCE

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

OVSP

Venezuelan Observatory of Public Services

PAHO

Pan-American Health Organization

PDVSA

Petróleos de Venezuela, S. A.

PoCA

Proceeds of Crime Act

PROVEA

Venezuelan Education-Action Program on Human Rights

PRC

People’s Republic of China

PTT

Turkish Post

RDA

Rural Development Administration

SAR

Suspicious Activity Report

SDF

Syrian Democratic Forces

SDGs

Sustainable Development Goals

SDNs

Specially Designated Nationals

SHTA

Swiss Humanitarian Trade Arrangement

SOE

State-owned enterprise

SURs

Seemingly unrelated regressions

SWIFT

Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication

TB

Tuberculosis

TIES

Threat and Imposition of Economic Sanctions

TRIPS Agreement

Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement

UAE

United Arab Emirates

UCM

Unilateral coercive measures

UNCHR

United Nations Commission on Human Rights

UNCTAD

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

UNESCO

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

UNFPA

United Nations Population Fund

UNGA

United Nations General Assembly

UNHCR

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNHRC

United Nations Human Rights Council

UNICEF

United Nations Children’s Fund

UNSC

United Nations Security Council

USAID

United States Agency for International Development

USC

United States Code

WFP

World Food Programme

WHO

World Health Organization

WTO

World Trade Organization

ZEDM

Mariel Special Development Zone