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Red Listing lichenized fungi: best practices and future prospects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 December 2024

Rebecca Yahr Open the ORCID record for Rebecca Yahr [Opens in a new window] ,
Jessica L. Allen Open the ORCID record for Jessica L. Allen [Opens in a new window] ,
Violeta Atienza Open the ORCID record for Violeta Atienza [Opens in a new window] ,
Frank Burgartz Open the ORCID record for Frank Burgartz [Opens in a new window] ,
Nathan Chrismas Open the ORCID record for Nathan Chrismas [Opens in a new window] ,
Manuela Dal Forno Open the ORCID record for Manuela Dal Forno [Opens in a new window] ,
Polina Degtjarenko Open the ORCID record for Polina Degtjarenko [Opens in a new window] ,
Yoshihito Ohmura Open the ORCID record for Yoshihito Ohmura [Opens in a new window] ,
Sergio Pérez-Ortega Open the ORCID record for Sergio Pérez-Ortega [Opens in a new window]  and
Tiina Randlane Open the ORCID record for Tiina Randlane [Opens in a new window]
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Rebecca Yahr*
Affiliation:
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
Jessica L. Allen
Affiliation:
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Violeta Atienza
Affiliation:
Departament de Botànica i Geologia, Facultat de Ciencies Biològiques, Campus de Burjassot, Universitat de València, ES-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
Frank Burgartz
Affiliation:
Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4108, USA Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands (CDF), Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
Nathan Chrismas
Affiliation:
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
Manuela Dal Forno
Affiliation:
Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Fort Worth Botanic Garden, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
Polina Degtjarenko
Affiliation:
University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, 50409 Tartu, Estonia Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, 5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
Yoshihito Ohmura
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050005, Japan
Sergio Pérez-Ortega
Affiliation:
Real Jardín Botánico, Mycology Department, 28014 Madrid, Spain
Tiina Randlane
Affiliation:
University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
Rikke Reese Næsborg
Affiliation:
Department of Conservation & Research, Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA
Diego Simijaca-Salcedo
Affiliation:
Grupo Colombiano de Liquenología (GCOL), Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Torre de Laboratorios, Herbario, Bogotá, Colombia
Gesa von Hirschheydt
Affiliation:
Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Frances Anderson
Affiliation:
Museum of Natural History, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3A6, Canada
Andre Aptroot
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Botânica/ Liquenologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79070-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Eli Balderas
Affiliation:
Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
Niles Borukhiyah
Affiliation:
Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4108, USA
Amanda M. Chandler
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1610, USA
Maria Chesa Marro
Affiliation:
Grup d'Estudi dels Briòfits i Líquens dels Països Catalans, Institució Catalana d'Història Natural, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
Pradeep K. Divakar
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Renato Andrés García
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Genética Ambiental (BioGeA), Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda, CP 1870, Argentina
Maria de los Ángeles Herrera-Campos
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. P. 04510, Cd de México, México
Natalie Howe
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
Siljo Joseph
Affiliation:
Forest Botany Department, Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation Division, KSCSTE - Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi - 680653, Thrissur, Kerala, India
Elaine M. Larsen
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, WA 99004, USA
James C. Lendemer
Affiliation:
Research and Collections, CEC 3140, The New York State Museum, Albany, NY 12230, USA
R. Troy McMullin
Affiliation:
Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 6P4, Canada
Andrea Michlig
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (FaCENA-UNNE), Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE, CONICET-UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina
Bibiana Moncada
Affiliation:
Grupo Colombiano de Liquenología (GCOL), Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Torre de Laboratorios, Herbario, Bogotá, Colombia Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Julianna Paulsen
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, WA 99004, USA
Francibelk Roa-García
Affiliation:
University of Concepción, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences (FCNO), 4070409 Concepción, Chile
Roger Rosentreter
Affiliation:
Biology Department, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83702, USA
Christoph Scheidegger
Affiliation:
Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Laurens B. Sparrius
Affiliation:
Dutch Bryological and Lichenological Society, 3511 BN Utrecht, Netherlands
Daphne Fisher Stone
Affiliation:
Oregon State University Herbarium, Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
*
Corresponding author: Rebecca Yahr; Email: ryahr@rbge.org.uk
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Abstract

According to International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) guidelines, all species must be assessed against all criteria during the Red Listing process. For organismal groups that are diverse and understudied, assessors face considerable challenges in assembling evidence due to difficulty in applying definitions of key terms used in the guidelines. Challenges also arise because of uncertainty in population sizes (Criteria A, C, D) and distributions (Criteria A2/3/4c, B). Lichens, which are often small, difficult to identify, or overlooked during biodiversity inventories, are one such group for which specific difficulties arise in applying Red List criteria. Here, we offer approaches and examples that address challenges in completing Red List assessments for lichens in a rapidly changing arena of data availability and analysis strategies. While assessors still contend with far from perfect information about individual species, we propose practical solutions for completing robust assessments given the currently available knowledge of individual lichen life-histories.

Keywords

conservation assessmentextinction riskgeneration timeIUCNlifespanmature individualsred listuncertain distribution

Information

Type
Review Article
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 56 , Issue 6 , November 2024 , pp. 345 - 362
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the British Lichen Society

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Footnotes

*

Communicating authors who contributed equally to the work

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Rebecca Yahr [Opens in a new window]Rebecca Yahr , Jessica L. Allen [Opens in a new window]Jessica L. Allen , Violeta Atienza [Opens in a new window]Violeta Atienza , Frank Bungartz [Opens in a new window]Frank Bungartz , Nathan Chrismas [Opens in a new window]Nathan Chrismas , Manuela Dal Forno [Opens in a new window]Manuela Dal Forno , Polina Degtjarenko [Opens in a new window]Polina Degtjarenko , Yoshihito Ohmura [Opens in a new window]Yoshihito Ohmura , Sergio Pérez-Ortega [Opens in a new window]Sergio Pérez-Ortega , Tiina Randlane [Opens in a new window]Tiina Randlane , Rikke Reese Næsborg [Opens in a new window]Rikke Reese Næsborg , Diego Simijaca-Salcedo [Opens in a new window]Diego Simijaca-Salcedo , Gesa von Hirschheydt [Opens in a new window]Gesa von Hirschheydt , Frances Anderson , Andre Aptroot [Opens in a new window]Andre Aptroot , Eli Balderas , Niles Borukhiyah , Amanda M. Chandler , Maria Chesa Marro [Opens in a new window]Maria Chesa Marro , Pradeep K. Divakar [Opens in a new window]Pradeep K. Divakar , Renato Andrés García [Opens in a new window]Renato Andrés García , Maria de los Ángeles Herrera-Campos [Opens in a new window]Maria de los Ángeles Herrera-Campos , Natalie Howe , Siljo Joseph [Opens in a new window]Siljo Joseph , Elaine M. Larsen , James C. Lendemer [Opens in a new window]James C. Lendemer , R. Troy McMullin [Opens in a new window]R. Troy McMullin , Andrea Michlig [Opens in a new window]Andrea Michlig , Bibiana Moncada [Opens in a new window]Bibiana Moncada , Julianna Paulsen , Francibelk Roa-García [Opens in a new window]Francibelk Roa-García , Roger Rosentreter , Christoph Scheidegger [Opens in a new window]Christoph Scheidegger , Laurens B. Sparrius [Opens in a new window]Laurens B. Sparrius  and Daphne Fisher Stone [Opens in a new window]Daphne Fisher Stone