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Changes in dominant weeds of wheat in a rice–wheat rotation system as affected by composted manure and straw amendments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 January 2021

Yunhui Duan ,
Haiyan Zhang ,
Min Han ,
Aimei Hong ,
Yong Li ,
Guojun Sun Open the ORCID record for Guojun Sun [Opens in a new window] ,
Pinglei Gao ,
Yicheng Sun ,
Wei Ran  and
Jiahe Shen
...Show all authors
Yunhui Duan
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Researcher, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China Senior Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Haiyan Zhang
Affiliation:
Senior Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Min Han
Affiliation:
Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Aimei Hong
Affiliation:
Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Yong Li
Affiliation:
Senior Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Guojun Sun*
Affiliation:
Researcher, Bureau of Agriculture and Forestry of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China Professor, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, PR China
Pinglei Gao*
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Researcher, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
Yicheng Sun
Affiliation:
Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Wei Ran
Affiliation:
Professor, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
Jiahe Shen
Affiliation:
Senior Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Xin Shen
Affiliation:
Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Chenyu Wu
Affiliation:
Agronomist, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
Min Ji
Affiliation:
Senior Agronomist, Jiangsu Jintan Investment Holdings Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, PR China
*
Authors for correspondence: Pinglei Gao, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. (Email: gaopinglei@163.com); Guojun Sun, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, and College of Horticulture and Plant Protection of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, PR China. (E-mail: jtszbz@163.com)
Authors for correspondence: Pinglei Gao, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. (Email: gaopinglei@163.com); Guojun Sun, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jintan District, Changzhou, and College of Horticulture and Plant Protection of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, PR China. (E-mail: jtszbz@163.com)
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Abstract

A study was conducted to identify whether composted manure and straw amendments (replacement of a portion of chemical fertilizer [50% of the total nitrogen application] with composted pig manure, and straw return [all straw from the previous rice crop] combined with chemical fertilizer) compared with no fertilization and chemical fertilizer only would change the dominant species of wheat-associated weeds as well as influence their growth and seed yield in a rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotation system. The study was initiated in 2010, and the treatment effects on the species, density, plant height, shoot biomass, seed yield of dominant weeds, and wheat yields were assessed in 2017 and 2018. Fertilization significantly increased the height, density, and yield of wheat, as well as the shoot biomass of wheat-associated weeds, but decreased the weed species number. A total of 17 and 14 weed species were recorded in the experimental wheat fields in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The most dominant weed species were American sloughgrass [Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald] and catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine L.), which made up more than 64% of the weed community in all treatments. When the chemical fertilizer application was amended with pig manure compost and straw return, the relative abundance of B. syzigachne significantly decreased, while the relative abundance of G. aparine significantly increased. The application of the chemical fertilizer-only treatment resulted in increases in the density, shoot biomass, and seed yield of B. syzigachne, while the composted manure and straw amendments applied together with chemical fertilizer led to significant increases in the density, shoot biomass, and seed yield of G. aparine. Consequently, further research on ways to promote greater cropping system diversity will be needed to prevent the selection of weed species that are adapted to a limited suite of crop management practices.

Keywords

Beckmannia syzigachnedensityfertilizationGalium aparineseed yieldshoot biomass

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 69 , Issue 2 , March 2021 , pp. 219 - 229
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Carlene Chase, University of Florida

*

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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