Hostname: page-component-77f85d65b8-hzqq2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-04-18T00:43:12.378Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

New leaf-mine fossil from the Geumgwangdong Formation, Pohang Basin, South Korea, associates pygmy moths (Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae) with beech trees (Fagaceae, Fagus) in the Miocene

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 December 2018

Jae-Cheon Sohn ,
Camiel Doorenweerd ,
Kye Soo Nam  and
Sei-Woong Choi
Jae-Cheon Sohn
Affiliation:
Institute of Littoral Environment, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea, and Department of Science Education, Gongju National University of Education, Gongju, Chungnam 32553, Republic of Korea
Camiel Doorenweerd
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
Kye Soo Nam
Affiliation:
Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon 34142, Republic of Korea
Sei-Woong Choi
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Education, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A nepticulid leaf-mine ichnofossil, Stigmellites janggi Sohn and Nam, n. ichnosp., is described on the basis of a fossil leaf of Fagus from the early Miocene Geumgwangdong Formation in Pohang Basin. This mine trace is characterized by a linear-blotch type with a clear centric frass trail composed of closely and randomly dispersed pellets filling the mine width in the early stage. We found traces of a possible egg case and an exit slit from the leaf. These features are most consistent with those produced by members of Nepticulidae. Our record demonstrates for the first time the trophic association of Nepticulidae with Fagus in the Miocene and suggests the persistence of a long-term association between the insect family and the plant genus from the Miocene to the present. Other Nepticulidae leaf mines in the Miocene and leaf-mine fossils from the Geumgwangdong Formation are briefly reviewed.

UUID: http://zoobank.org/fff951f6-ca82-4cca-a274-863e0d91acaa

Information

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 93 , Issue 2 , March 2019 , pp. 337 - 342
Copyright
Copyright © 2018, The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Bertling, M., Braddy, S.J., Bromley, R.G., Demathieu, G.R., Genise, J., Mikuláš, R., Nielsen, J.K., Nielsen, K.S.S., Rindsberg, A.K., Schlirf, M., and Uchman, A., 2006, Names for trace fossils: A uniform approach: Lethaia, v. 39, p. 265–286, doi:10.1080/00241160600787890.Google Scholar
Busck, A., 1907, New American Tineina: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, v. 8, p. 86–99.Google Scholar
Chun, H.Y., 1982, Plant fossils from the Tertiary Pohang sedimentary basin, Korea: Korea Institute of Energy and Resources Bulletin, v. 14, p. 7–23.Google Scholar
Davis, D.R., 1999, The monotrysian Heteroneura, in Kristensen, N. P., ed., Handbook of Zoology, Volume IV, Arthropoda: Insecta, Part 35, Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography: Berlin & New York, Walter de Gruyter, p. 65–90.Google Scholar
de Jong, R., 2017, Fossil butterflies, calibration points and the molecular clock (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): Zootaxa, v. 4270, p. 1–63, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4270.1.1.Google Scholar
Denk, T., 2003, Phylogeny of Fagus L. (Fagaceae) based on morphological data: Plant Systematics and Evolution, v. 240, p. 55–81, doi:10.1007/s00606-003-0018-x.Google Scholar
Donovan, M.P., Wilf, P., Labandeira, C.C., Johnson, K.R., and Peppe, D.J., 2014, Novel insect leaf-mining after the end-Cretaceous extinction and the demise of Cretaceous leaf miners, Great Plains, USA: PLoS ONE, v. 9, p. e103542, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103542.Google Scholar
Doorenweerd, C., van Nieukerken, E.J., Sohn, J.-C., and Labandeira, C.C., 2015, A revised checklist of Nepticulidae fossils (Lepidoptera) indicates an Early Cretaceous origin: Zootaxa, v. 3963, p. 295–334, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3936.3.2.Google Scholar
Doorenweerd, C., van Nieukerken, E.J., and Menken, S.B., 2016, A global phylogeny of leafmining Ectoedemia moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae): Exploring host plant family shifts and allopatry as drivers of speciation: PLoS ONE, v. 10, p. e0119586, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119586.Google Scholar
Ellis, B., Daly, D.C., Hickey, L.J., Johnson, K.R., Mitchell, J.D., Wilf, P., and Wing, S.L., 2009, Manual of Leaf Architecture: New York, The New York Botanical Garden Press & Comstock Publishing Associates, 200 p.Google Scholar
Ellis, W.N., 2018, Leafminers and plant galls of Europe: http://bladmineerders.nl (accessed 15 February 2018).Google Scholar
Fabricius, J.C., 1775, Systema Entomologiae, Sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus: Flensburg and Leipzig, Germany, Officina Libraria Kortii, 832 p.Google Scholar
Fang, J., and Lechowicz, M.J., 2006, Climatic limits for the present distribution of beech (Fagus L.) species in the world: Journal of Biogeography, v. 33, 1804–1819, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01533.x.Google Scholar
Heer, O., 1858, Pflanzenabdruecke aus der Kirgisensteppe, in Abich H., Beiträge zur Paläontologie des Asiatischen Russlands: Mémoires de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, ser. 6, Sciences Mathématiques et Physiques, v. 7, p. 535–577.Google Scholar
Hering, P.E.M., 1951, Mine producers, in Hering, P.E.M., ed., Biology of the Leaf Miners: Amsterdam, Springer, p. 39–53.Google Scholar
Hu, H.H., and Cheng, W.C., 1948, On the new family Metasequoiaceae and on Metasequoia glyptostroboides, a living species of the genus Metasequoia found in Szechuan and Hupeh: Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, new series, v. 1, p. 153–163.Google Scholar
Huzioka, K., 1972, The Tertiary of Korea: Journal of the Mining College Akita University, Japan, series A, v. 5, p. 1–83.Google Scholar
Jeong, E.-K., Kim, K., Uemura, K., Paik, I.S., and Kim, H.J., 2010, Leaf architecture and morphotypes of ulmaceous fossil plants from the Geumgwangdong Formation of the Janggi Group in Pohang City, Korea: Journal of the Paleontological Society of Korea, v. 26, p. 271–289.Google Scholar
Kanehara, K., 1936, The geology of the northern part of Geizitsu District, Korea: Journal of the Geological Society of Japan, v. 43, p. 73–103.Google Scholar
Kapoor, V.C., 1981, Origin and Evolution of Insects: New Delhi & Ludhiana, Kalyani Publishers, 144 p.Google Scholar
Kernbach, K., 1967, Über die bisher im Pliozän von Willershausen gefundenen Schmetterlings- und Raupenreste: Bericht der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Hannover, v. 111, p. 103–108.Google Scholar
Kim, J.-H., and Choi, S.-I., 2008, Discussion on the Metasequoia fossils from the Miocene Keumkwangdong Formation of the Janggi Group, Korea: Journal of the Korean Earth Science Society, v. 29, p. 319–327, doi:10.5467/JKESS.2008.29.4.319.Google Scholar
Kim, K.C., 1976, Fossil metallic wood-borer (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) from Miocene Geum-gwangdong Formation, Yeongil-gun Korea: Bulletin of the Busan University, Natural Science, v. 22, p. 121–126.Google Scholar
Kim, K.C., and Lee, W.J., 1975, A fossil long horned katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Miocene Geumgwangdong Formation, Yeongil-gun Korea: Bulletin of the Busan University, Natural Science, v. 20, p. 53–59.Google Scholar
Knor, S., Prokop, J., Kvaček, Z., Janovský, Z., and Wappler, T., 2012, Plant-arthropod associations from the early Miocene of the Most Basin in North Bohemia—Palaeoecological and palaeoclimatological implications: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 321/322, p. 102–112, doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.01.023.Google Scholar
Kollar, V., 1832, Systemarisches Verzeichniß der Schmetterlinge im Erzhergzogthume Oesterreich: Beiträge zur Landeskunde Oesterreich's unter der Enns, v. 2, p. 1–101.Google Scholar
Kristensen, N.P., and Skalski, A.W., 1999, Phylogeny and palaeontology. in Kristensen, N.P., ed., Handbook of Zoology, Volume IV, Arthropoda: Insecta, Part 35, Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography: Berlin & New York, Walter de Gruyter. p. 7–25.Google Scholar
Kuroko, H., 1987, A fossil leaf mine of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from Japan: Bulletin of the Sugadaira Montane Research Center, v. 8, p. 119–121.Google Scholar
Labandeira, C.C., Dilcher, D.L., Davis, D.R., and Wagner, D.L., 1994, Ninety-seven million years of angiosperm-insect association: Paleobiological insights into the meaning of coevolution: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 91, p. 12278–12282.Google Scholar
Labandeira, C.C., Wilf, P., Johnson, K.R., and Marsh, F., 2007, Guide to Insect (and Other) Damage Types on Compressed Plant Fossils, Version 3.0: https://paleobiology.si.edu/pdfs/insectDamageGuide3.01.pdf (accessed 21 November 2018).Google Scholar
Leng, Q., 1999, Analysis on the classification of deciduous Fagaceae from China based on leaf architecture: Palaeoworld, v. 12, p. 65–84.Google Scholar
Liebhold, A.M., Voney, W.J.A., and Schorn, H.E., 1982, An unidentified leaf mine in fossil Mahonia reticulata (Berberidaceae): The Canadian Entomologist, v. 114, p. 455–456.Google Scholar
Linnaeus, C., 1753, Species Plantarum, Volume 1: Stockholm, Laurentius Salvius, 560 p.Google Scholar
Linnaeus, C., 1758, Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae (tenth edition), Volume 1, Regnum Animale: Stockholm, Laurentii Salvii, 824 p.Google Scholar
Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Wilkström, N., Labandeira, C., Godfray, H.C., Goodman, S.J., and Cook, J.M., 2006, Fossil-calibrated molecular phylogenies reveal that leaf-mining moths radiated millions of years after their host plants: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, v. 19, p. 1314–1326, doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.01070.x.Google Scholar
Manchester, S.R., and Dillhoff, R.M., 2004, Fagus (Fagaceae) fruits, foliage, and pollen from the middle Eocene of Pacific northwestern North America: Canadian Journal of Botany, v. 82, p. 1509–1517, doi:10.1139/b04-112.Google Scholar
Martins-Neto, R.G., 1989, Novos insetos Terciários do Estado de São Paulo: Revista Brasileira de Geociências, v. 19, p. 375–386.Google Scholar
Miller, P., 1768, The Gardeners Dictionary (eighth edition): London, P. Miller, 1366 p.Google Scholar
Opler, P.A., 1973, Fossil lepidopterous leaf mines demonstrate the age of some insect-plant relationships: Science, v. 179, p. 1321–1323.Google Scholar
Paik, I.S., Kang, H.C., Kim, H.J., Lee, H.I., Kim, K., and Jeong, E.K., 2010, The Geumgwangdong Formation of the Janggi Group, Pohang area: Stratigraphy, occurrence, and fossil leaf deposits: Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, v. 46, p. 535–552.Google Scholar
Paik, I.S., Kim, H.J., Kim, K., Jeong, E.K., Kang, H.C., Lee, H.I., and Uemura, K., 2012, Leaf beds in the early Miocene lacustrine deposits of the Geumgwangdong Formation, Korea: Occurrence, plant-insect interaction record, taphonomy and palaeoenvironmental implications: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 170, v. 1–14, doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.10.011.Google Scholar
Peñalver, E., 1997, Hojas fósiles del Terciaro de Teruel con marcas de herbivorismo debidas a orugas: Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, v. 19, p. 29–33.Google Scholar
Peters, R., 1997, Beech Forests: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Springer Science/Business Media. 170 p.Google Scholar
Regier, J.C., Mitter, C., Kristensen, N.P., Davis, D.R., van Nieukerken, E.J., Rota, J., Simonsen, T.J., Mitter, K.T., Kawahara, A.Y., Yen, S.-H., Cummings, M.P., and Zwick, A., 2015, A molecular phylogeny for the oldest (nonditrysian) lineages of extant Lepidoptera, with implications for classification, comparative morphology and life-history evolution: Systematic Entomology, v. 40, p. 671–704, doi:10.1111/syen.12129.Google Scholar
Robledo, J.M., Sarzetti, L.C., and Anzótegui, L.M., 2016, New records and ichnospecies of linear leaf mines from the late Miocene–Pliocene from Argentina and the establishment of leaf-mining ichnotaxobases: Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, v. 122, p. 55–70, doi:10.13130/2039-4942/7681.Google Scholar
Schrank, E.v.P., 1802, Fauna Boica, Durchgedachte Geschichte der in Baiern Einheimischen und Zahmen Tiere, Volume 2, {Zeryte Abtheilung: Ingolstadt, Johnn Wilhelm Krüll, 412 p.Google Scholar
Sohn, J.-C., and Lamas, G., 2013, Corrections, additions, and nomenclatural notes to the recently published World Catalog of Fossil and Subfossil Lepidoptera: Zootaxa, v. 3599, p. 395–399, doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3599.4.8.Google Scholar
Sohn, J.-C., Labandeira, C., Davis, D., and Mitter, C., 2012, An annotated catalog of fossil and subfossil Lepidoptera (Insecta: Holometabola) of the world: Zootaxa, v. 3286, p. 1–132.Google Scholar
Sohn, J.-C., Labandeira, C.C., and Davis, D.R., 2015, The fossil record and taphonomy of butterflies and moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera): Implications for evolutionary diversity and divergence-time estimates: BMC Evolutionary Biology, v. 15, p. 12, doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0290-8.Google Scholar
Spach, E., 1841, Note sur les Planera: Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, sér. 2, v. 15, p. 349–358.Google Scholar
Stainton, H.T., 1854, Insecta Britannica, Lepidoptera, Tineina: London, Lovell Reeve, 313 p.Google Scholar
Tanai, T., 1961, Neogene floral change in Japan: Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, series 4, Geology and Mineralogy, v. 11, p. 119–398.Google Scholar
van Nieukerken, E.J., Doorenweerd, C., Hoare, R., and Davis, D.R., 2016, Revised classification and catalogue of global Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Lepidoptera, Nepticuloidea): ZooKeys, v. 628, p. 65–246, doi:10.3897/zookeys.628.9799.Google Scholar
Xu, H., Su, T., Zhang, S.-T., Deng, M., and Zhou, Z.-K., 2016, The first fossil record of ring-cupped oak (Quercus L. subgenus Cyclobalanopsis (Obersted) Schneider) in Tibet and its paleoenvironmental implications: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 442, p. 61–71, doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.11.014.Google Scholar
Yoon, S., 1992, Paleoenvironmental change of the Tertiary Yangnam and Pohang basins of the southern Korean Peninsula: Memoirs of the Geological Society of Japan, v. 37, p. 117–124.Google Scholar
Yoon, S., 2010, Tectonic history of the Tertiary Yangnam and Pohang basins, Korea: Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, v. 46, p. 95–110.Google Scholar