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13 Bleiker and Hutchison, ‘Fear no more’.

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24 Ibid., p. 433.

25 Hutchison and Bleiker point out that emotions are central components in understanding the responses to terrorist attacks and in understanding the rebuilding of political community after such a trauma. They nevertheless do not pursue the questions posed here on the relationships between discourse, emotions, and affects. See Hutchison, Emma and Bleiker, Roland, ‘Emotions in the War on Terror’, in Bellamy, Alex J., Bleiker, Roland, Davies, Sara E., and Devetak, Richard (eds), Security and the War on Terror (London and New York: Routledge, 2008), pp. 57–70Google Scholar .

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38 One may reasonably ask whether jouissance/enjoyment is another way of talking about human nature, or something akin to it. If enjoyment is an extra-discursive affect that helps to propel identification practices, it may seem like a kind of essence or foundation upon which identification is based, or determined. Jason Glynos and Yannis Stavrakakis offer both an acknowledgement of this concern and a reasonable rebuttal. ‘For in talking about jouissance one is always walking on the threshold of essentialism … However, one should not forget that, even if thinking about the real qua jouissance seems to flirt with a certain essentialism, it nevertheless remains ‘essentially’ unrepresentable and always in a state of irresolvable tension with the socio-discursive field.’ In other words, enjoyment as affect is not a determinate that pushes the subject in any specifiable or predictable direction. See Glynos, Jason and Stavrakakis, Yannis, ‘Encounters of the Real Kind: Sussing out the limits of Laclau's embrace of Lacan’, in Critchley, and Marchart, Laclau: a critical reader, pp. 201–216Google Scholar .

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56 Ross, ‘Coming in from the Cold’.

57 Mercer, ‘Emotional Beliefs’, p. 2.

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75 Ibid., p. 193, emphasis added.

76 Holland, ‘From September 11th, 2001 to 9/11’, p. 276, emphasis added.

77 Ibid., pp. 275–6, emphasis added.

78 Ibid., p. 276; see also Widmaier, Wesley W., ‘Constructing Foreign Policy Crises: Interpretive Leadership in the Cold War and the War on Terrorism’, International Studies Quarterly, 51:4 (2007), pp. 779–794CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

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81 By examining some of the affective politics surrounding 9/11, I do not mean to suggest that affects and emotions matter only during times of crisis rather than in everyday life and politics. Although, Bleiker and Hutchison, ‘Fear no more’, p. 129 suggest that the relevance of emotions is often most visible during traumatic events, since these events unsettle and challenge the emotional ties which help to hold together communities.

82 See Campbell, David, ‘Time is Broken: The Return of the Past in the Response to September 11’, Theory and Event, 5:4 (2001)Google Scholar , available at: {http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/theory_and_event/v005/5.4campbell.html} accessed 27 May 2010, and Edkins, Jenny, Trauma and the Memory of Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

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84 Naree Bisson, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 11 October 2001 (SR144), quoted in ibid.

85 Karl Day, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 2 October 2001 (SR101), quoted in ibid.

86 Daniel Dominguez, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 8 October 2001 (SR247), quoted in ibid.

87 Kyoko Sato, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 16 October 2001 (SR015), quoted in ibid.

88 Holland, ‘From September 11th, 2001 to 9/11’, p. 281.

89 Adam Gospodarek, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 13 September 2001 (SR375), quoted in ibid., p. 285.

90 Bill Kyriagis, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 14 September 2001 (SR375), quoted in ibid.

91 Patti Chapman, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 27 October 2001 (SR025), quoted in ibid.

92 Aaron Hill, Witness and Response Collection, US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, 18 September 2001 (SR203), quoted in ibid., p. 288.

93 Debbie Spinner, 11 September 2001 Documentary Project (2001), US Library of Congress American Folklife Center, available at: {http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/afc911:@field(DOCID+afc2001015t011)}.

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95 See Holland, ‘From September 11th, 2001 to 9/11’; the media, of course, played a significant role in this process. See Croft, Culture, Crisis; Richard Jackson, Writing the War on Terrorism.

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97 Glynos and Stavrakakis, ‘Lacan and Politial Subjectivity’, p. 267.

98 Nabers, ‘Filling the Void of Meaning’, p. 197.

99 Holland, ‘From September 11th, 2001 to 9/11’, p. 285.

100 Ibid.