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Elimination of lock-in phenomenon in vortex-induced vibration by passive modal control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Fuqing Luo Open the ORCID record for Fuqing Luo [Opens in a new window] ,
Chuanqiang Gao Open the ORCID record for Chuanqiang Gao [Opens in a new window] ,
Zhen Lyu  and
Weiwei Zhang Open the ORCID record for Weiwei Zhang [Opens in a new window]
Fuqing Luo
Affiliation:
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
Chuanqiang Gao
Affiliation:
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
Zhen Lyu
Affiliation:
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
Weiwei Zhang*
Affiliation:
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: aeroelastic@nwpu.edu.cn
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Abstract

Theoretical analysis and numerical results have shown that frequency lock-in in vortex-induced vibration (VIV) is caused by the instability of the structural mode rather than a resonant response to external excitations. However, there is a lack of experimental evidence supporting relevant theoretical research findings. This study investigates VIV suppression with a passive modal controller (PMC) for a circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers $Re = 60$ and $Re = 40$, using experiments to distinguish the effects of stable and unstable wake modes. Comparative analysis before and after the implementation of the PMC reveals significant reduction in the vibration amplitude and the disappearance of the lock-in phenomenon at $Re = 60$. The vibration frequency closely follows the vortex shedding frequency after control, while dynamic mode decomposition of the flow field indicates that the wake mode is dominant. For $Re = 40$, the vibration is eliminated and the flow becomes steady. Additionally, the root loci of the coupled system are investigated before and after the PMC implementation via linear stability analysis. The results indicate that the PMC can alter the dynamic characteristics of the original system, causing the structural mode and PMC mode to couple when approaching the PMC frequency. Then, the interaction typically improves the stability of the structural mode. Finally, a parametric study is conducted in the experiment, as well as a linear stability analysis. The study provides experimental evidence that stability control of the structural mode is the key to suppressing VIV and eliminating the lock-in phenomenon.

JFM classification

Vortex Flows: Vortex shedding Flow Control: Instability control

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JFM Papers
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Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 984 , 10 April 2024 , A30
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© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Supplementary material: File

Luo et al. supplementary movie 1

Successful PMC control at Re = 60
Download Luo et al. supplementary movie 1(File)
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Supplementary material: File

Luo et al. supplementary movie 2

Failed PMC control at Re = 60
Download Luo et al. supplementary movie 2(File)
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